Policy Of Eisenhower Administration Towards Yugoslavia

The Eisenhower Administration's Yugoslavian Policy is an inheritance and the development to Yugoslavian Policy of the Truman Times, which essentially displays is an expansion of"the Yugoslavian Differentiation"."The Yugoslavian Differentiation"Policy carried out in Yugoslavia and Poland differently from other communist countries was adopted by the United States in order to split off Eastern Europe countries from USSR, under the East-West Containment of Trade System during the early years of the Cold War. These documents, NSC18/2, NSC18/4 and NSC18/6, which were made during the period of Truman Administration symbolized the formation of the policy"the Yugoslavian Differentiation". At the stage of the Eisenhower Administration, the policy presented the tendency of expanding unceasingly, which was mainly manifested in those documents such as NSC5406/1, NSC5601, NSC5616/2, NSC5805/1, NSC5808/1. This dissertation is aimed to explore the conditions, the contents and the evolutions on which the Eisenhower Administration's Yugoslavian Policy came in forms, and analyzes how"the Yugoslavian Differentiation"influenced the American policy to Eastern European policy.This dissertation consists of three parts: Prologue, Main body and Epilogue.The Prologue elaborates the present situations on the domain research in the academic circles, and presents academic value of the dissertation.The first chapter in the main body elaborates the origin of the United States' Yugoslavian policy. Many factors contributed to the formulation of the policy"the Yugoslavian differentiation",which was carried out by the Truman Administration, such as the Trade Containment Policy to communist party countries, the Civil Aviation Policy toward the USSR and its satellites, and the policy toward the Soviet Satellites states in Eastern European, and the transformation of the Soviet Union to the Eastern European policy and the adjustment of Yugoslavian foreign policy. The dissertation mainly centers on the documents like NSC18/2, NSC18/4 and NSC18/6, systematically analyzes the establishment and implementation process of Yugoslavia's economic aid and the military assistance policy over Truman Administration. But over the same period US adopted the strict Trade Containment Policy to the Soviet Union, Eastern European Satellites and other communist party countries.Second chapter mainly discusses the Yugoslavian Policy during his first session by the Eisenhower Administration. It analyzes new policies to the Eastern European Satellites and their implementation situations by means of the U.S. National Security Council's NSC174, NSC5406/1 and NSC5601 documents; It analyzes the relationship between the U.S. and Yugoslavia since the year of 1948 and systematically displays the U.S. encountered the problems during the formation and implementation of the policies, and discusses how the Eisenhower Administration inherited and developed the Yugoslavia policy during the Truman times.Third chapter shows how the Polish and Hungarian events influenced the Eisenhower Administration's Yugoslavian policy. The formation of NSC5608/1 was the result of slight adjustment of NSC174 document which was established when Eisenhower came into power and it attached more importance to vital Yugoslavian role of splitting Soviet and its Satellites. NSC5616/2 and NSC5705/1 are the policy documents for Poland and Hungary, it were formulated after the Polish and Hungary events which was the evidence of the expansion of"the Yugoslavian differentiation".Fourth chapter explains the expansion of Eisenhower Administration's Yugoslavian policy during his second session, and the appearance in Polish differentiation policy. It mainly discusses NSC5805/1 document on the Yugoslavia, the NSC5808/1 and NSC6103 documents on the Poland, and the NSC5811/1 document on the Soviet-Dominated nations in Eastern European. Analyzing through these documents, it unfolds the magnified tendency of"the Yugoslavian Differentiation"policy of the United States.The Epilogue mainly discusses the historical characteristics of Eisenhower Administration's Yugoslavian Differentiation Policy and its influence on the American Eastern Europe policies at the longitudinal and horizontal level. At longitudinal level, the Eisenhower Administration's Yugoslavian policy was not only the inheritance to the Yugoslavian Policy during the Truman Administration, but is, more importantly, the development of the Truman Administration's Yugoslavian policy. At horizontal level, it makes some comparisons between the Yugoslavian Policy and the policy in Eastern European countries. It specially discusses evolutional process the goal of the"Differentiation Policy"and the expanded process of applicable scope which also reflected the change of U.S. containment strategy from the liberation of server confrontation during the cold war the time to the evolution in transformation over the period of mitigation.