A Study On The Policy Of "Manchu Language And Riding-Shooting" In Qing Dynasty

This article introduces"cultural consciousness"theory which is submitted by Mr. FeiXiaotong in anthropology field into"Manchu Language and Riding-Shooting"policy-relateddiscussion in Qing Dynasty, through criticiz ing the lack of traditional"Han Hua"view and the"New Qing History"scholors about"Manchu Language and Riding-Shooting"the policy inthe Qing Dynasty, it considers that"Manchu Language and Riding-Shooting"policy in theQing Dynasty from the establishment, implementation, adjustment, reinforce the continuity ofhistorical process is characterized by"changing and unchanging", it points out that in theprocess of"changing and unchanging"the dialectical development in"Manchu Language andRiding-Shooting"policy in the Qing Dynasty,"cultural consciousness"has been realized thatfrom"cherishing own beauties"and"cherishing other's beauties"to"every ethnic shouldenjoy the beauties of others"is the important historical contribution of the construct ofmulti-ethnic country .This paper is divided into six parts.Introduction. Mainly elaborates the theme of this research, to conduct the necessaryacademic review, offers to"cultural consciousness"as the guide aims to solve problems andexplain the basic framework of this paper.Chapter One. The establishment of"Manchu Language and Riding-Shooting"policybefore entering. This chapter reviews the first ancestors of the Manchu language, riding andshooting tradition of"Manchu Language and Riding-Shooting"policy formation; nextNuerhachi described in historical and cultural origins of the nation back in the process of the"Manchu Language and Riding-Shooting"policy foundation of these efforts; discussion of theQing Taizong Huangtaiji family in the change as"Manchuria"in the context of the end for thela ter establishment of"Manchu Language and Riding-Shooting"policy process in history.Chapter Two. The implementation of the"Manchu Language and Riding-Shooting"policy in Junji, Kangxi era. Firstly,"the first worship Manchuria"the proposal as the startingpoint to investigate into the clear ancestor Shunzhi off in the beginning of the implementationof the"Manchu Language and Riding-Shooting"policy conditions; secondly, visiting byEmperor Kangxi set up schools, creating"Mulan Hunting around"in order to ridelaunchedtraining initiatives to implement the"Manchu Language and Riding-Shooting"policy and itsimpact.Chapter Three. The strengthening of"Manchu Language and Riding-Shooting"policy inYongzheng and Qianlong two dynasties. First,"The Debating of Yi and Xia"as the entry pointto study Emperor Yongzheng of the"Manchu Language and Riding-Shooting"policy implementation of the policy made the necessary adjustments to the characteristics andeffectiveness. Second, from the killing Zeng Jing, on the formal start to examine the EmperorQianlong in"unity"under the banner, for the implementation of the"Manchu Language andRiding-Shooting"policy reform carried out in the Eight Banners, New Qing Imperiallanguage translation engraved text"Tripitaka", Compilation"Qing Wen Jian with FiveCharacters"as well as restoration of"Mulan Hunting"such measures and their impacts.Chapter Four. The continuation and decline of"Manchu Language and Riding-Shooting"policy in the late Qing Dynasty. This chapter firstly trips around the rising and falling of"Mulan Hunting"and the abolition of the section object of study, then analysises the reasonsfor the decline of"Manchu Language and Riding-Shooting"policy in the late Qing Dynasty.It illustrates the"Manchu Language and Riding-Shooting"policy was still continuing insteadof abolishing by the two aspects: the continue of"military spirit"and statability of Manchulanguage as the"natianal language".Conclusion. It eviews the full text, and discuss the text of the two main points. First,"Manchu Language and Riding-Shooting"policy in the Qing Dynasty is characterized by theevolution of"changing and unchanging"; Second, in the process of"changing andunchanging"the dialectical development in"Manchu Language and Riding-Shooting"policyin the Qing Dynasty,"cultural consciousness"has been realize d that from"cherishing ownbeauties"and"cherishing other's beauties"to"every ethnic should enjoy the beauties ofothers"is the important historical contribution of the construct of multi-ethnic country .