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A Study On Contemporary China's Social Construction

Posted on:2012-11-29Degree:DoctorType:Dissertation
Country:ChinaCandidate:X M YangFull Text:PDF
GTID:1116330335466550Subject:Marxism in China
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The introduction of the concept of social construction theory, not only improve the socialism cause with Chinese characteristics but also a major shift thinking of the Communist Party of China's overall layout to governing the country, as a starting point, China has entered a new stage of a whole constructive society to promote social reform the comprehensive development of country.With the close change of development, nowadays the introduction of the concept of "social construction" has pay close attention by our party and country. The governing philosophy and the pattern through four generations of central government's difficult exploration and practice, from the "Development is the last word" to the "scientific development", from "all the things for the economic construction" to "the comprehensive development of the economy, politics,culture and the society", from improving people's livelihood in order to share the achievement to integrated closely with the improving livelihood and economy, experiencing the half century's tortuous course, which reflects the party's new understanding of the discipline of the construct the socialism with Chinese characteristics.To clarify the relationship between social construction's subject and object has immense significance for the social construction and management. Entering into the era of public administration, under the condition of market economy of socialism, the subject of social construction should not be single, the government is only the main core of social construction, social organizations and business sector all together constitute of essential subject the social construction. Under the current situation of the social construction, the relationships are not very clear among the three departments, especially the outstanding forces of the government, social organizations not only can not play their proper function, but can not play their role when the market is failure, government is failure and to reduce the cost of social management. During the new period of social construction, the key problem must be solved is to set reasonable position for the government and social organizations.The most pressing issue of contemporary China is to improving and protecting livelihood. People's livelihood is directly reflects government's capability and behavior to improve the social course, reflects the institutional arrangements and policy-oriented of country and government's justice in certain period of time, meanwhile that can reflects the governing philosophy of the country and the government. Therefore, the strategic priority of contemporary China's social construction is t developing the social course, protecting and improving people's livelihood. The main reason for the lag of the social undertakings are social institution and social policy's imbalance and shortage. The change of the government's development and the improve of the economy are provided favorable conditions for the social undertakings. To develop of the social undertakings, mainly from four aspects:promoting the transformation of government functions and expanding the government's public service functions; reforming the taxation system, ensuring financial support for the development of social undertakings; developing social undertakings in rural areas, improving rural people's livelihood; deepening the field of livelihood management system to ensure and improve people's livelihood.Under the condition of market economy, because of the rapid social and economic transformation, which making the social structure in an unbalanced state, the most prominent characterize is hold by a lot of resources take up by strong groups, and a large population by vulnerable groups. Unreasonable class structure resulting in the structure of the major changes in social relations. Therefore, to optimize the social class structure, rationalize the relationship among the various sectors are the core of building a harmonious society. Nowadays the characteristics of our society:firstly, the trend of the class are expanding, the wide gap between wealth and poor; secondly, the trend of underclass people are vulnerable and marginalized; thirdly, the small size of the middle class, social structure appeared nervous, fourthly, the class tend to curing, the channel become more and more narrow to upward mobility; lastly, the elite groups tend to form an alliance that influence the nation's policy making. To optimize the class structure we should start from four aspects:firstly, reforming the income distribution system to narrow the gap between classes. We should start from the wage system and the tax system reform, to open the public budgets, compressed administrative costs, and play function of financial allocation and regulation; secondly, try to develop the economy, create more jobs, and reduce the number of low-income groups. In order to ensure fully employment, and reduce unemployment maximumly, we must accelerate economic development, particularly to develop more employment opportunities in the tertiary industry; thirdly, to establish a reasonable flow mechanism, and actively build the middle class. For a one hand, a smooth channel of social mobility should to break the monopoly, and to encourage entrepreneurship, for the other hand, we must reform the current education system, through education to change the fate of more vulnerable groups, for the end, to get rid of urban-rural dual system, promote rural-urban mobility. The key is to reform the current household registration system; fourthly, to promote integrated development of urban and rural areas. For the one hand, eliminating erroneous understanding, and establish the correct concept of integrated development of urban and rural areas. For the other hand, we must work hard to accelerate the urbanization process, reform the household registration system, promote the integration of urban and rural infrastructure construction and other work.International experience and practice of Chinese society, requiring the community building should be the foundation for building the path of our society. Since the reform and opening up of China, for the needs of practice and the convenience of life, the meaning of the community has a great changes for a long time, by the emphasis for its regional factors gradually shifted to the common emotions and values. The development of market economy, changes of ownership structure and social mobility increased are the three main reasons of community construction, which makes the foundation of the social construction and social management. The main reasons in our social community:firstly, the autonomy organizations of social community are immature, hindered the development of community autonomy. For the reason of institutional and mechanism, the residents committee take a lot of administrative affairs, still can not get rid of the position of "the Government's leg", so that self-government functions can not play, causing residents reduce their identity; secondly, not fully development of community social organization, effect the development of community services. Regardless of the main cause of political and social system, the social community lack of independent status, and can not play inadequate social role; thirdly, the community residents has not strong sense of community involvement, lack sustainable community development power. Mainly in the field, such as lack sense of participation, the participation in the content limited, low participation rate, inefficient low of participation and involvement of inefficient; Fourthly, the legal system is not perfect, absence of community autonomy law; lastly, limited financial resources, affect the community long-term building planning.Reinforcing and innovating social management has the significant meaning. The change of social structure, the transform of the economic development, and to solving and addressing deep-seated contradictions and demand in society when we entered a crucial stage of reform, objectively requiring deepen administrative reform, innovating and strengthening social management. Nowadays, the current problems of social management are the absence of government functions, and offside dislocation, the object of social management responsibility can not play the effectively role; the civil society immature, social management cooperation, participate in the main role has been constrained; community management and operation mechanism are not perfect; the binary system of social management has prominent features. Innovation social management system, focus on the following things:firstly, accelerate the transformation of government functions and position, and strengthen the government's public service functions. Transformation of government functions from two aspects:change the traditional management concept and establish servicing government targets. Secondly, is to promote the reform of institutions, break the dominance of public institutions. From the point view of structure and mechanism, adjusting and standardizing the conduct of public affairs relations; strengthening public service as the basic idea, promote the reform of institutions; to break the monopoly of state-owned institutions, complete the social community autonomy of urban and rural area; cultivate and develop social organizations, absorb more social organizations to join in the social management; and increase public participate in social management; fourthly establish and improve the social management mechanism. To build a scientific and democratic operation mechanism, to establish and improve the social management institutional system, in order to achieve the equalization of urban and rural public services.
Keywords/Search Tags:social construction, social organization, social structure, social management
PDF Full Text Request
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