Government Authority And Civil Society Ecological Migration Operation System Interaction

Hongsipu Ecological Migration Development Zone (abbr. Hongsipu) is currently the largest ecological migration area in China. It is located in central Ningxia. Its land was annexed from Wuzhong Municipality, Zhongning County, Zhongwei Municipality and Tongxin county. Under the administration of Wuzhong's Municipality, it covers 1999.12 square kilometers. The provincial government of Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region established Hongsipu by drawing on the experiences of Diaozhuang migration mode which was formed from 1983 to 1997. However, there is a great difference between Hongsipu mode and Diaozhuang mode. Diaozhuang Mode resulted from national "Three West" construction project which helped poor people from 8 municipalities and counties of southern Ningxia move o northern Ningxia. In the beginning these people were still under the direct administration of source municipalities and counties. After more than ten years'construction, the migrants have already adapted themselves to new mode of production and local way of life. And then they became under the administration of host municipalities and counties. The construction of Hongsipu development zone is to improve ecological environment. Also it was established as a single administration unit with Hongsipu administration committee set up in the meantime. And then people were moved to Hongsipu from 8 municipalities and counties of southern Ningxia where ecological environment is too harsh for people to live. As soon as the migrants came to Hongsipu, they came under the leadership of Hongsipu administration. In the Hongsipu development zone, the mode of production is totally different from migrants'original areas. Accordingly the way of life has been changed significantly. What is more, Hui people take up 60% of total migrants. Migrants have undergone a great cultural change. Choosing Hongsipu as a research subject can benefit ecological migration management work in other areas.The first chapter introduces some basic information about Diaozhuang Migration policy, construction mode of Diaozhuang and development types, etc. The second chapter outlines natural environment, natural resources and the Irrigation by Pumping Yellow River Project and its related facilities. The third chapter touches on the construction of governmental authority and non-government operational system in Hongsipu. The main theme of this chapter concerns the source of governmental power and the generative mechanism of governmental authority, the source of non-governmental organizational power and the generation of non-government authority. The fourth chapter points out that government authority should stick to the principle of "Do Something not Everything". The sustainability of governmental authority has also been discussed from the angle of governance theory. The author puts forward some suggestions as to how the governmental authority carry out the principle of "Do something not everything" in the construction of ecological migration areas. The fifth chapter elaborates on the interaction between governmental authority and non-governmental operational entities. The author divides the migration project into two phrases, namely the government-driven phrase and the migrants'participation phrase. The particularities of each phrase have been dwelt on in the end of the chapter. The ecological migration in Ningxia is a regional economic development project whose main body is Hui people with other ethnic groups'included. After the objective of poverty alleviation was accomplished, Hongsipu has begun a large- scale adjustment of industrial structure. It is not only necessary to build a highly efficient government to promote the smooth adjustment of industrial structure but also urgent to foster an inclusive and efficient non-governmental operational system to actualize the industrial adjustment. The thesis uses ethnological and sociological theories as its foundational theoretical support. Meanwhile theories from economics, ecology and governance theory are also drawn on to research on the subject. The author tries to write a paper with both theoretical values and practical values. Hopefully this thesis can not only benefit other researchers'on ecological migration but also offer practical suggestions for constructors and administrators of other ecological migration areas.