Contemporary Chinese Government Organization And Coordination

As the subject of governance of public affairs, government organizations are the complex systems which are composed of interdependent, interacting and criss-cross parts. In a sense, the process of government governance in public affairs is also the process of dealing with relationship among various parts within the government organization. The relationships among various parts within the government directly influence the degree of overall function and the performance of governance of public affairs. Synergetics contains the thought:each subsystem in the system can make the system present orderly status and achieve the overall effect of system by coordination and cooperation with each other, which has important theoretical value to deal with relationship among various parts within the government organization and achieve the overalfunction. Therefore, based on the synergetics as a major breakthrough point, the article introduces synergy methodology into the research of government organization, uses the concepts and analytical paradigm to study the government organization synergy problem, in order to optimize the relationships among various parts within the government and improve the synergies of government organization.Firstly, the article explains the theories of studying the government organization synergy problem. System theory sees the complex things as a system and thinks that system has the integrity,relevance, level-oriented, openness,etc. Synergetics mainly studies that in different types of systems, based on the self-organization under the action of parameter and related variables, the state of each subsystem is from disorder to order and the system realizes the overall and synergy effect. Synergetics and system theory can provide methodological guidance to research the government organization synergy problem.The theories of governance and interorganizational network emphasize the diversification of governance structure, equal consultation, communication and cooperation among subjects, which provides the beneficial analysis perspective for dealing the relationship among government organizations.On the basis of theories above, the paper builds up a explanation for government organization synergy. Concept is the starting point of the framework.This article first defines the meanings of concepts, such as "synergy", "government organizations synergy". government organization synergy is such a process or condition that: internal departments, inter-government and inter-links of government process cooperate and coordinate mutually, forme orderly organization structure, present government's overall function, realize the maximization of government efficiency. Secondly, the paper explains the correspondence between synergy and government organization.On one hand, synergetics is universal and government organization is a complex opening system, so the possibilities that we introduce the synergetics into the research of government organization exist. On the other hand, the paper demonstrates the necessity from the theoretical and practical aspects. Then, the paper analyses variables that influence the government organization synergy. Government structures (organizational structure, functional structure, the power structure) is the parameter(dominating variable) that influence the government organization synergy. Government benefits, and organizational culture and organizational objectives etc will also affect the synergy degree of government organization. Finally, the paper summarizes the meaning or synergy effect of government organization synergy. Government organization synergy is beneficial to improve the government publicus, make the "administrative region economy" transform to "economic zone economy", achieve the high quality and efficiency of public services.The thesis from the perspective of government structure(the parameter) mainly analyses some system designations which improve the degree of government synergy in Britain, France, Germany,Japan and American.Inter-governmental structures have reasonable organization structure, moderately balanced power structure, comparative clear intergovernmental function structure. Department structures generally take giant department, effective inter-departments cooperating agency,etc. For these systems, we should absorb reasonably with the pragmatic attitude.Since the foundation of the PRC, we conduct a number of adjustment and reform around the government structure, gradually straighten out the relations among the government organizations, improve the synergies of government organization greatly. The relationship of vertical inter-government is from high central authority to local decentralization. Local autonomy is greatly raising. Horizontal relations of the local governments is from mutual isolation in the planned economic system toward more links and cooperation. The relationship of inter-departments is from complexes, overlapping, the circulation of "downsizing-expansion" under the traditional system gradually to simplification, unity and clear responsibilities. Under the background of history, the fourth chapter analyses the process of government organization reform from the angle of government structure and sums up some experience and enlightenment.The real problem is starting point and the foothold of any research. Finally, the article analyses the performance and reason of non- synergies of government organization and think about some paths of upgrading the synergies of government organization. The performance of non- synergies of inter-government is prominent in the fields of politics, economy, society, etc. The relationship of inter-department is facing predicament of evading responsibility. There are many reasons, in which government structure is main reason, such as irrational, overlapping power and function structure, excessive government hierarchy, unscientific administrative divisions, limited coordinating mechanism and prominent organization interest phenomenon.To solve these problems and improve the the synergies of government organization, on one hand, we should continue to optimize intergovernmental structure and Straighten outthe intergovernmental relations:rationally dividing intergovernmental responsibility and authority;adjusting government hierarchy and management amplitude, reforming administrative division orderly; based on local autonomy, improving intergovernmental coordination agency;Establishing and perfecting the intergovernmental benefit expression, sharing and compensation mechanism and unimpeded information communication mechanism. On the other hand, adjusting inter-department structure, improving inter-department relation: transforming government function, defing departments responsibility, improving giant department system; perfecting public finance system, moderate separation system of decision-making and implementation and department supervision system, restraining department interest;strengthening coordinating function of administrative bodies of chief executive, perfecting inter-department other coordination agency and mechanism.