The Research Of Pattern Innovation Of Urban Grass-roots Social Management

The main content of this thesis is based on a thoroughly case study of the new round innovation and reform of Guangzhou urban grass-root social management, managing to draw on a theoretical framework and practical path of enforcement and innovation of Chinese urban grass-root social management from now on.In the chapter of introduction, this thesis describes the background of the topic: currently social management in China is getting more and more complex and difficult, so that the government must be innovatively thinking and experimenting to enforce social management so as to maintain a harmonious and stable society, and promote further economic and social development. Nowadays central and local governments have attached great importance to the innovation of social management, and make a lot of meaningful explorations. The thesis then describes the theoretical and practical significance, analyzes the difficulties and innovation points, and leads a research method of evidence-based with various other means as compliment.In the first chapter, the thesis discusses the core concepts and theoretical underpinnings of the grass-roots social management, sorts out the main ideas of contemporary Chinese and foreign social management, and divides them into six major perspectives,including the "liberalism" perspective, "state interventionism" perspective, "co-management of stakeholders" perspective, "government service" perspective, "administrative ecology" perspective and "technology determinism" perspective. From these six perspectives, the thesis selects "administrative ecology" perspective and "co-management of stakeholders" perspective as the theoretical basis and analysis tools.In the second chapter, the thesis studies the practices, problems and development of grass-roots social management in China. Firstly, the thesis introduces the development stages of social management practice after the foundation of new China; then analyzes three current grass-roots community-based management pattern: administration, autonomy and hybrid pattern. Then the thesis introduces the organizations of Chinese urban grass-roots social management system, including community residents committee, sub-district office, and municipal district, analyses their historical development, nature, functions of the position, role in social management, the their interaction relationships. Further more, the thesis proposes five basic principles of contemporary Chinese social management, including putting people first, service-oriented, coordinated development, environment adaptation, enlarging participation, resident autonomy, clear responsibilities, improving the legal system, gradual adjustment and scientific innovation. Continually, the thesis emphasizes five core works, including increasing grass-roots participation, strengthening legal system of grass-roots management, clarifying responsibilities of grass-root social management organizations, improve grass-roots social service function, fostering grass-roots non-profitable organizations. Finally, the thesis analyses four specific patterns of contemporary Chinese grass-roots social management, including Shanghai as the representative of government-led pattern, Shenyang as the representative of community autonomy, Jianghan District of Wuhan as the representative of multi-party involved, Yantian District of Shenzhen as the representative of the separation of legislature and administration, then conducts a comparative study of these four kinds of typical patterns, therefore laying a theoretical and practical basis for the following case study of Guangzhou's new round urban grass-roots social management innovation and the formation of "Guangzhou Pattern".In the third chapter, the thesis discusses and comparatively studies the grass-roots social management patterns of the United States, Japan, Singapore and Hong Kong, analyzes their experiences that Guangzhou and China can learn. First, to pursue people-oriented concept of grass-roots social management; Second, to build up service-oriented grass-roots social management system; Third, to improve grass-roots social management system of laws and regulations; Forth, to create multiple-party-involved autonomous community system; Fifth, innovate grass-roots social management by the means of electronic and information technology; Sixth, to vigorously cultivate the third sector pf grass-roots social management.In the fourth chapter, the thesis introduces the pilot project of Guangzhou's new round of grass-roots social management innovation. Firstly, the thesis describes the background, guiding principles and objectives of Guangzhou's grass-roots social management innovation, analyses the problems before the pilot project being carried out, and the pilot project's outcome and achievements, as well as the next step in-depth reform program. Then the thesis discusses seven typical street-level pilot projects of grass-roots social management innovation, including "three centers and one team" model of Shayuan street, "Residential CCP(Chinese Communist Party) Branch and community service within ten-minute's walk" model of Jiangnanzhong street, "Community service station and performance evaluation" model of Pazhou street, "Aiding by community informatization" model of Beijing street, "in cooperation with market" model of Jingxi street, "Professional social worker involved" model of Tongde street, "multi-party participation " model of Sanyuanli street. These seven are the typical cases of Guangzhou's new round grass-roots social management, some specific practices reflect the theoretical basis, project guidelines and outcomes of Guangzhou's pilot project of grass-roots social management innovation at the micro level, which provide a detailed and directly first-hand material for the study of Guangzhou case (both pilot project and the next-step program)in the next chapter.In the fifth chapter, the thesis conducts a in-depth study of Guangzhou case. Firstly, the thesis analyses the characteristics and effectiveness of the pilot project, including integrating management and service functions, building a "all three in one" structure of grass-roots social governance, promoting the government procurement of services, creating multi-party involved community management and service model, accelerating infrastructure construction, improving software and hardware of community service, integrating various community resources, forming a "win-win" cooperation mechanism of community service. Further more, the thesis analyses and points out the problems and risks of the next-step program of Guangzhou case, including the controversy of the system design of "lower working focus", the controversy of functions of "three center and one team", the dilemma of "lower working focus" and downsizing of labors, the difficulties of the full implementation demand and shortage of service supply, and the dilemma of lack of residents'participation under the system of separation of legislature and administration. Through research, the thesis proposes five means to optimize Guangzhou program so to achieve its initial goals, first is to reasonable and scientifically classify the power, function, responsibility and interactions of municipal government, district government and sub-district office; second is to "lower working focus" and functional departments of district government should work directly with resident, social organization and other community parties; Third is to lead to sub-district office back to its original position instead of empowering it to be a level governmental organization; forth is to encouraging all stakeholders to participate in community service and management; fifth is to improve urban infrastructure of information and communication technology. In the sixth chapter, based on the above study of Guangzhou case, the thesis generalizes the primary paths of enforcing and innovating Chinese contemporary grass-roots social management pattern, first is to closely be in line with macro-level direction of national development, and simultaneously make progress with time; second is to adjust to local administrative ecological environment; third is to put people first and service-oriented; fourth is to strengthen legislature system so that to lay down a solid institutional foundation; fifth is to make good use of advanced technology so that to support and facilitate geass-roots social management innovation.In the final chapter, the thesis draws out the main conclusion that in accordance with administrative ecology theory, they are productivity development, political and economic system, civilization of society, as well as social communication network and symbol system that determine the choice of grass-roots social management pattern and strongly influence the grass-roots social development. Current and future period of time, China is at the initial stage of Chinese characteristic socialist development, therefore, at the premise of governance-based community management theory, China should establish a grass-roots social management pattern, which is putting people first, service-oriented, aided by the means of information and communication technology, effective cooperation and integration among government agencies. At present this pattern should be led by the government, and multiple stakeholders participate in grass-roots social management. And with social progress, it will gradually transit to hybrid pattern that government, social organizations and residents work closely and collaborative for grass-roots social affairs. In the future, our society will be highly developed and highly civilized, government can quit the specific and micro-level grass-roots social management, and the pattern will evolve to autonomous-style grass-roots social management.