Research On The Key Issues About Survival And Development Of Migrants In Water Engineering Based On The Complex Science

The exploitation of water conservancy and hydropower in our country has developed vigorously and made brilliant achievements since New China was founded. More than eighty-six thousand engineered reservoirs have been built successively, these reservoirs play an important role in the fields of water supply,power generation,irrigation,flood protection,shipping and stimulate the all-round development of economy and society. But more than twenty million engineered migrants have been produced, and even more engineered migrants will be produced with the national economic development and the large scale construction of engineered reservoirs. As with other countries in the world, most engineered migrants in China are facing the challenges of survival and development in the long term, they are in a marginalized and special social group. The issues of engineered migrants has become the bread-and-butter issues and social problems concerned significantly and generally by the party and state and the whole society, it restricts the sustainable development of water conservancy and hydropower cause seriously, even affects the harmonious and stable social environment.The engineered resettlement project is a complicated and open social systems engineering, it's commonly referred to as a worldwide problem for its powerful policy, widespread involvement, excessive influence factors. The basic method to solve this difficult problem is people-oriented—meeting the needs of the migrants' survival and development, ensuring their long-term livelihoods.This thesis has studied the key problem of the migrants'survival and develop-pment in depth by using the theoretical approach of modern system science, on the basis of analyzing and summarizing the present condition of the migrants'survival and development and the formation reasons deeply and systematically.The thesis studies the influence factors of the migrants'survival and develop-ment in depth from the multi-angles, the factors are the concept of water conservancy and hydropower engineering, the compensation policy of resettlement, the migrants' cultural qualities and the economy and culture of resettled places. It reveals the comprehensive mechanism of action how these factors influence the migrants'sur- vival and development.The thesis divides the system of the engineered migrants'survival and development into three subsystems—living recovery,producing recovery and sustainable development and analyses the causality of them on the basis of the theory of system dynamics. It designs a flowchart of the migrants'survival and development,a dynamics equation and a simulation model, and conducts a test through simulation with actual cases. Then it provides the scientific methods of the migrants'solid resettlement by revealing the relationship between the index of the migrants'producing and living level and the investment of resettlement.This thesis analyses the migrants'mechanism of self-organizing development and the model of evolvement and ecology by studying the migrant families, then it builds a cellular automata model of the system of migrant family groups. It reveals the inherent laws and characteristics of the migrants'migration,resettlement, development,stability through the simulation experiments on the basis of the theory of self-organizing development and the cellular automata model.In the last, the article puts forward several countermeasures and measures of solving the migrants'survival and development problems systematically from the aspects of the resettling concept, the resettling compensation policy, the resettling programming design, the resettling method, the late-stage support to migrants and the logistics development in migration areas through summarizing the experiences of the migrants'resettlement and analyzing the typical cases in different periods of China.