Asymmetrical Social Experiment - On The "cultural Revolution" Educated Youth Went To The Countryside Movement

The Campaign to Send Down Youth to the Countryside during the Cultural Revolution was one of the most important episodes in contemporary China. Chinese and foreign scholars have pay great attention on the Movement, they have conducted thorough going research of this campaign, producing many useful papers and studies . On the whole, those research are not satisfactory weather in quality or in quantity at present. This essay will continue to probe into the issue on the basis of previous research. Here the author will put forward his own opinion and interpretation. Chapter One The author makes a review on the related research. The review includes the issued papers, published works, the organized and published materials in addition to the related symposium; In the summary of the review, It will emphasize the scholar research progress, argument on the basic motive, historic progress and their appraisal, the educated youth trend to city and the termination reason on the Campaign to Send Down Youth to the Countryside; The essay will also illustrate some weakness and shortcoming in the previous research. Chapter Two the author probes into the climax origin of the Campaign to Send Down Youth to the Countryside. The author thinks that the climax of the Campaign to Send Down Youth to the Countryside is the result of the comprehensive forcing factors . It includes the Left Guiding Theory of Carrying out the continuous revolution under the Proletarian Dictatorship, receiving the Ex- education from the workers and peasants in order to cultivate the successor, and shrinking the Three Gaps in order to realize the ideal society;It also includes the realistic consideration on ending the social chaos caused by the Red Guards, and solving the employment of the LaoSanJie; Meanwhile, the other important reasons are the historic intense employment oppression in the conditioned period owing to the deep level of contradictory of economic structure, economic system and labor management system, and the employment impression caused by the rapid growing population in the city. Chapter Three The author expounds the characteristics of the Campaign to Send Down Youth to the Countryside during the Culture Revolution. It points out that the Movement is quite different from the Campaign to Send Down Youth to the Countryside before the Culture Revolution, it is also different from the previous politic movements. Besides the 揕eft?guiding Theory, the characteristics includes the other three points: The first point is that the students was crazy about the the Campaign to Send Down Youth to the Countryside this time; The second point was that this Movement took a hard-hand mobilization mode; The third point was that this movement exceptionally had a great scale and sustained very long. Chapter Four The author analyzes many contradictories in the Campaign to Send Down Youth to the Countryside. Those contradictories includes the contradictory of Ex-education theory itself, the problem between the survival and development of the educated youth, the conflict between social fashion and traditional customs; the conflict between the educated youth and the peasants, and etc. The above contradictory is one of the main reasons which the Campaign to Send Down Youth to the Countryside had to retreat from the historic stage. Chapter Five The author explains the twist developing cause of the Campaign to Se...