Regional Division Based On The Strategic Adjustment Of Agricultural Structure In Northwest Region

This dissertation consists of three parts: theoretical part, positive part and countermeasure part. In theoretical part, we commented the theory of industrial structure, discussed the mechanism among regional division, structural adjustment and economic growth. The mechanism is that (1) labor division or regional division is the original cause of economic growth, because it may improve labor productivity, resource productivity, scale economy, gain from the trade and the level of technology; (2) labor division or regional division result in specialization in production and trade, which maybe brings about transaction cost and coordination cost between producer in production process, so, the premise condition of division is that the transaction cost (including coordination cost) must be less than the gain from the division; (3 ) structural adjustment has a enlarger effect on the economic growth of division because it maybe reduce transaction cost; (4) the economic growth can support the R&D in return, which will advantage the level of division deeply, with the knowledge accumulation through "learning by doing", forming a positive cycle of division-specialization-structural adjustment. Same as that, agricultural regional division is the original cause of agricultural and village economic growth, is also the foundation of agricultural structural strategic adjustment. Beginning with the agricultural regional division, we may resolve the issue such as structural convergence in farm goods between regions, the stronger fluctuating of the price of farm products, increasing slowly in farmer income, food supplied safety often being trouble, farm goods lacking competitiveness in international market, and so on.The positive part includes chapter 4, 5,6,7. According with the analysis framework posed out in theoretical part, after compared the DRC method with others, we counted the comparative cost of major farm products by DRC method, which will be using as a accordance to making decision of agricultural products specialization theoretically in the northwestern region of China. It point out that Shanxi province should be planting peanuts, apple, soybean, tea and wheat; Gansu province should be raising pig and planting cotton; Qinghai should be planting rapeseed; Ningxia should be planting or raising beetroot, maize, beef cattle and rice; Xinjiang should be planting rapeseed and wheat.It is actually? To answer this question, we analyzed the features of agricultural structure in the northwestern region of China in Chapter 5. Compared with national average level, agricultural structure in the northwestern provinces of China have following distinguishing features: the percentage of planting output is higher and stable, the percentage of forestry output is smaller, the percentage of stock raising output is smaller than they should to be, the percentage of fishery output is very smaller. To reflect the development tendency of agricultural structure of the northwestern regions in generally, we calculated the structure similar coefficient of major farm products of the five provinces in northwestern region respectively by the structure similar coefficient method designed by the United Nations Industrial Development Organization, andfind that the planting structures among the five provinces are divergence.Chapter 6 is a synthesis to Chapter 4 and Chapter 5,aimed at analysis the coordination between the divergence of planting structure in the region which concluded from the analysis to Chapter 4 and the requirement of the comparative advantage theory concluded from Chapter 5. It is find that the specialization coefficient of major farm products is diverging from its comparative(or absolute )advantage coefficient, which we called as "diverging phenomenon". The causes of the diverging phenomenon are from in many ways, but the key cause is the locking of market among the provinces in China. This show that the divergence of planting structure in northwestern region is not a rational change, and the action followed blindly is e...