| The five former Soviet Republics in Central Asia became independent states of sovereignty in 1991; and China adopted the policy of reform and opening to the outside world in 1978.Both the five Central Asian states and China are in transition from planned economy to market economy. Every country, due to the influences of its economic infrastructure, historical and cultural heritage, national status, and psychological factor, has adopted different social policies, thus arising different social problems. This dissertation tries to analyze the different and the same aspects regarding their social policies and their social problems in the five Central Asian countries and China. The paper also tries to unveil some rules in the course of social development in these transitional countries-China and the five states in Central Asia. This thesis consists of an introduction and six other chapters, totaling 120,000 words.In the Introduction, the first section explains the purpose of writing this dissertation and its intent of achieving breakthrough, and also brief on the research progress achieved by academics in the fields of Central Asia Study and Studies on Chinese Social Problems, and the writing process of the Paper; the second section introduces the basic information about the five Central Asian countries and China.Chapter 1 Social Policies and Social Problems before Independence of the Five Soviet Republics and those in China before its Reform and Opening to the Outside World In the Soviet era, the Five Central Asian Republics were independent states of sovereignty in name, but actually the unanimous Soviet social policies had been implemented there. China, before its reform and opening to the outside world, was a traditional socialist country, and as in Central Asia, the "close-door" policy had been dominant. In politics, the Communist Party is in leadership, and in economy, a highly centralized planned economic system had been implemented. Different features could be seen from their social policies and social problems in Central Asian countries and China, as these were affected by many different factors.Chapter 2 Changes in Five Central Asian States after Independence and Changes inChina after Reform and Opening to the Outside WorldAfter independence, the five Central Asian states faced a lot of difficulties and obstacles,especially the economic crisis and social instability that threatened the independence and national existence. The acceptance by international community should also be dealt with. With ten-year development, the Central Asian states have basically cast off economic crisis while having improved the people's life and guided their societies onto the right track.Following the 3rd Plenary Session of the 11th CPC Congress in December 1978, China started its reform and opening to the outside world. Under the second and the third generation of central collective leadership of the CPC, with Deng Xiaoping and Jiang Zemin at the core, respectively, China has adhered to the hub of economic development, and to the cause of reform and opening to the outside world, making steady progress in transition from planned economy to market economy. People's life has been obviously improved, and the comprehensive national strength has been further strengthened, and thus improving China's status in international community.Despite similar changes have been taken place in the five Central Asian states and China, since independence and reform and opening to the outside world, respectively, distinct differences between them still remain.Chapter 3 Social Development Strategy and Social Policy in five Central Asian States and in ChinaSocial development strategy is the overall scheme with great impact or decisive power. Social policies are ways and measures taken for realizing the goals of social development. Since the five Central Asian states declared independence, and China engaged in its reform and opening to the outside world, new social development strategies have been in...
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