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Sustaining System For Returning Farmland On Hills To Forest Or Pasture In Northwest China

Posted on:2005-07-18Degree:DoctorType:Dissertation
Country:ChinaCandidate:F M ZhuFull Text:PDF
GTID:1116360125462063Subject:Crop Cultivation and Farming System
Abstract/Summary:PDF Full Text Request
One of basic national strategies in China is to improve and protect ecological environment and to develop persistently. It is of great significance for ecological environment improvement both in Northwest China and in all the country to maintain the project of Retuning Farmland on Hills to Forest or Pasture (RFHFP) sustainable development in Northwest China where the project is highlighted.It was well proved that the sustainable development of RFHFP project mainly depends on its sustaining system consisting of those interactional and interdependent factors including techniques of planting trees and grass, supply of grain, rural living energy and income of Household who Returning Farmland on Hills to Forest or Pasture (H-RFHFP) as well as the related polices and administration through practice of RFHFP in Northwest China. Several urgent questions are still open as for advancing the project of RFHFP well including the way of sustaining system affecting the RFHFP, the proper scale of RCFP, the pattern and level of subsidy from central government, the possibility of turning back to crop production on hills already growing trees or grass. So, the object of the research is to provide reasonable polices and suggestions for administration of the project to maintain it sustainable development based on revealing the laws of these factors acting on the project.By reviewing the research on techniques and all kinds of technical problems emerging in practice, it was showed that techniques of planting trees and grass influence the result of RFHFP through the function cycle, namely, research→practical technique products→training→instructions for nursing→feedback information collection→research, among which research functions best, but insufficiency of other parts lead to a lot of problems in practice. It was suggested that measures should be taken to avoid the problems such as integration of a technique database that can be retrieved conveniently, training farmers and technicians regularly and so on.Grain condition was studied mainly in three respects including availability of provincial grain, capability of subsidy of grain from central government and accessibility of grain for H-RFHFP. According to the schemes of RFHFP and the amount of farmland on hills in each region, three levels were designed in this chapter in each province or autonomous region in Northwest China as follows: the return of all farmland sloping more than 25 degree and all desert farmland till the year of 2010 (A level); the return of all farmland sloping more than 25 degree and all desert farmland and 1/2 farmland sloping between 15 and 25 degree till the year of 2010 (B level); the return of all farmland sloping more than 15 degree and all desert farmland till the year of 2010 (C level). The significant conclusions could be drawn as follows.According to the available total supply of grain and the present rate of grain self-sufficiency while ignoring the cost of grain transfer in different regions, C level can be reached in Ningxia autonomous region and Xinjiang autonomous region, namely 27.60×104 hectares and 35.54×104 hectares farmland will be returned by the year of 2010 respectively. In Qinghai province and Gansu province, B level and A level will be realized respectively, namely 7.15×104 hectares and 64.86×104 hectares returned respectively. Referring to Shaanxi province, if 124.36×104 hectares returned according to A level, the rate of grain self-sufficiency would go down from75.09% to 72.77%.It was discovered that the ability of subsidy grain from central government and the accessibility of grain for H-RFHFP, plays more important role than the total supply of grain in influencing the amount of the return of farmland on the basis of the examination of distribution of farmland on hills and different levels of supply of grain in each sub-districts in Northwest China.According to the present level of grain subsidy from central government, on A level, the amount of subsidy should be 93.27×104 t, 48.65×104 t, 0.35×104 t, 6.6...
Keywords/Search Tags:Returning farmland on hills to forest or pasture, Northwest China, Sustaining system, Sustainable development
PDF Full Text Request
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