Study Of Reform And Capability Of Gorbachev

During the latter half of the 20th century, many socialist countries, which experienced social transformation, were burdened by the planned economic system. Socialist ruling parties must adapt to the changes of the times. Reform has become an inevitable trend. Theoretically, the reform led by the proletarian parties, can reach the expected goals, as the parties' fundamental nature and guiding principles are in conformity with the aim of the reform. However, the reform during the rule of Gorbachev did not benefit the masses, or consolidate the position of the ruling party. On the contrary, it plunged the nation into a dilemma against the Party itself. This paper attempts—through combining Marxist theory and objective reality, respecting history while reflecting reality, learning from others' academic achievements while seeking renovation - to explore the relationship between reform and the Party's ruling capability with a new perspective, and come up with some thoughts on the reform of the Party's leadership through a study of Gorbachev's reforms.In the early years of the Bolshevik party, Lenin creatively proposed the core thoughts of developing socialism, the New Economic Policy and the reform of the political system as well as the ideal and practice in his late years on the reform of the political system. All these ideas reflected the initial probe of the party led by Lenin in the renovation of governance, which was of epoch-making significance. The period from 1929 to 1936 was when the Stalinist model was established. Although this model played a somewhat positive role in the early development of the Soviet Union, its setback and subsequent problems became so serious in the early 1950s that reform was necessary to be carried out over its political and economic system, which was not in harmony with the development of the country. In another word, the Stalinist model had become a main hindrance to the social development of the Soviet Union. After Stalin died in 1953, Khrushchev dealt the first shock to the traditional system. Later, Brezhnev and other people expressed their intention to reform the Stalinist model. But history hasproved that none of them succeeded. When Gorbachev took over power in the mid-1980s, reform had become inevitable as the domestic situation and world development were at a crucial turning point.From March 1985 to June 1988 when Gorbachev first launched his reforms, the economic reform with the "acceleration strategy" did not achieve the expected results. With the 19th National Congress of the National Congress of the Soviet Communist Party held in June 1988, the reform changed its focus from the economic system to the political system. It changed from "glasnost", "democratization" and "opinion diversification" to "transferring the center of power from the party to Soviet". The goal of the reform changed from the original "improving socialism" to "building a humanitarian and democratic socialism". On November 26, 1989, Gorbachev had his article "Socialist Thought and Revolutionary Reform" published in the Pravda newspaper, narrating the reform line, guiding principles and policies in a theoretical and systematic way. That was a theoretical symbol to indicate the fundamental change of the reform orientation. Marked by the plenary party meeting in February in early 1990 and the 28th Soviet party congress in 1991, the reform of the Soviet Union entered into a period of fundamental change. The reform completely failed after the August 19 incident in 1991 along with the extinction of the Soviet Communist Party and the collapse of the Soviet Union.The political reform championed by Gorbachev posed a severe challenge to the position of the rule of the Soviet Communist Party. At the preliminary stage of the reform, "glasnost" and "democratization" stirred the enthusiasm of the Party members and the masses in a certain sense. But in the course of pushing the reforms, Gorbachev pulled the party out of the control of the economy, politics and ideology. These policies and measures ignored the reality and w...