The 20th Congress Of The CPSU And Gorbachev's Reforms

In February 1956,the 20th Congress of the Communist Party of the Soviet Union was held.Khrushchev,then the first Secretary of the Central Committee of the Communist Party of the Soviet Union,analyzed the domestic situation in his report to the Congress and made an overall plan for economic,political,diplomatic and other work.In analyzing the international situation,Khrushchev pointed out that only by adhering to peaceful development can win-win results be achieved among all countries and summing up the development of the world On the basis of exhibition trend,the"three harmonies theory" is put forward.After the formal meeting of the 20th CPC National Congress,Khrushchev made a "secret report" on criticizing Stalin,entitled"about personal worship and its consequences”,when most of the members of the CPC Central Committee and deputies to the Congress had no ideological preparation.Although the report also affirmed Stalin's achievements in the socialist construction of the Soviet Union,the theme of the whole paper was to expose Stalin's destruction of democracy and the rule of law and his worship of individuals.The report not only revealed Stalin's cruelty to Soviet Communists,but also fabricated various crimes for Stalin.This conference caused serious confusion in the ideological circles of the Soviet Union,and affected a large number of people in the 1950s,especially young people.Gorbachev(1931-),who later became general secretary of the Central Committee of the Communist Party of the Soviet Union and President of the Soviet Union,was one of the members deeply affected by this conference.Gorbachev's childhood was in the period of Stalin's reign.The Soviet Union's political,economic and other powers were highly centralized,and personal worship prevailed.The convening of the 20th National Congress of the Communist Party of the Soviet Union broke the Soviet Union's quiet social atmosphere,and the social environment changed dramatically.At this time,Gorbachev's youth,his world outlook,outlook on life and values were formed under the influence of this Congress Of.The convening of the 20th National Congress broke Stalin's authority,and a relatively loose social atmosphere emerged in the Soviet Union.Some works with reform ideas and criticizing the current situation of the Soviet Union were published,and teaching materials such as the concise course of the Communist Party of China(Bolshevik)party history were abolished.For a while,the correctness of Stalin's model and the authenticity of Soviet history were doubted.Khrushchev conveyed his ideas in the 20th National Congress As the signal of economic reform,when the reform decision after the 20th National Congress was made to the grass-roots level,Gorbachev,as the administrator of the frontier area of the Stavropol regional agricultural administration of the Communist Party of the Soviet Union,actively responded to the call of the Central Committee of the Communist Party of the Soviet Union,took agricultural development as the focus of work,carried forward inner-party democracy,promoted new leading cadres,and to a certain extent promoted the development of local economy.In March 1985,Gorbachev was elected General Secretary of the Communist Party of the Soviet Union.From 1985 to the end of 1991,under the leadership of Gorbachev,the Soviet Union carried out comprehensive reforms in four aspects,namely,economy,politics,culture and diplomacy,which eventually led to the loss of the ruling position of the Communist Party of the Soviet Union and the disintegration of the state.The loss of the ruling position of the Communist Party of the Soviet Union and the disintegration of the Soviet Union are major events of the international communist movement in the 20th century,which are extremely tragic historical tragedies.Of course,Gorbachev could not bear the responsibility for the tragedy alone,but as the supreme leader of the Communist Party of the Soviet Union and the Soviet Union at that time,Gorbachev obviously had an unshirkable historical responsibility in this tragedy.The study of Gorbachev is an important topic in the study of contemporary international communist movement.This paper holds that the 20th National Congress of the Communist Party of the Soviet Union is the beginning of the reform of the Soviet Union after World War ?,and Gorbachev is the "spiritual child" of the 20th National Congress of the Communist Party of the Soviet Union;the "new thinking" thought in Gorbachev's reform is the inheritance and development of Khrushchev's "three harmonies theory";from the 20th National Congress of the Communist Party of the Soviet Union,the Soviet Union began to deviate from the socialist road,and finally completed in the reform led by Gorbachev All of them abandoned Marxism Leninism,deviated from the essence of socialism and led to the disintegration of the Soviet Union.From the perspective of the influence of the 20th CPC National Congress on Gorbachev's reform,this paper attempts to summarize some reasons for the failure of Soviet socialism,and hopes to provide some meaningful reference for the reform of today's socialist countries.