Study On Sustainable Transfer Of Rural Surplus Labor

70-80's in 20 centuries, a kind of new development view, the view of sustainable development rose in the world, and widely accepted,. The mankind's sustainable development view has been developed into a theory system covering not only the original relation between the human and nature, but also covering coordinate harmony between human and nature, person and person, person and society. This theories system and harmonious social views have become the basic leading thoughts of the economic and social development of the mankind including rural surplus labor force transfer.To carry out the sustainable transfer of rural surplus labor force, we must reconstruct a kind of new system frame to carry on a new system arrangement for the coordination and production relations between human and nature, person and person, person and society. The core of this kind of new system frame is to take rural surplus labor force as a kind of production factor, carry on a new management on it and bring it into the market movement mechanism. At the same time, being a special public community, the farmers are not only a natural person need to carry on the conversion of the occupation and life space to look for the higher income, but also a social person, their lives, income, education of children and etc. have vital relations to the variety of society development. As a result, the sustainable transfer of rural surplus labor force is relevant to various factors of economy, society and ecology, such as the industry development between the city and country, the improvement and variety of the living environment, the ability of obtaining information, the support policy of nation, the leading direction of the government etc. So, in order to carry out ordered and sustainable transfer of rural surplus labor force, it is requested that we should take the nature, economy, social factors which influence the transfer of rural surplus labor force as a sub-system separately. With rural surplus labor force transfer as the core, using the theories of sustainable development and the harmonious society development, we can set up a harmonious coordination mode between each sub- system and rural surplus labor force transfer, so as to make rural surplus labor force transfer at the relatively lower costs(economic costs, the ecologic cost and social costs) . Through carrying out appropriate and harmonious transfers in terms of both time and space , we can make the exchanges of value concepts between the city and country, make the number of farmers reduce naturally and gradually, and continuously enrich village development funds, thus promoting the coordinate and sustainable development of the nature, economy, society of the town and village.With this point of view in mind, based on the actual conditions of China, Fujian and forest zone in Fujian,this paper has completed the research onsustainable transfer of rural surplus labor force. The contents include:Part one, the summary and comments of the theories and its modes on village labor force transfers at home and abroad.The domestic and international theories of rural labor force transfers including the theories of Lewis, Lanes - Rejoin theories, Johnson theories and the introspects and revises on Lewis Mode and Tuvalu Mode etc..The author evaluates their shortages and points out which theories or modes are not suitable for China. By probing into the transfer stages in developed nations( regions), the author has come to a conclusion: Through the second industry, the third industry or the coordination development of the comprehensive industry of the agriculture industry and commerce ,as well as the pull of rural surplus labor force transfer based on urbanization and industrialization which is according to different circumstance in all countries( region), and adopt the right measures on the system or policy to guarantee the transfer of rural surplus labor force smoothly.Combining this standpoint, the author evaluates the problems of transfer modes in our country, and from the angle of the flourishing nation (region), carries on comparative analysis on the district economy development level (including the economy growth speed, unbalanced economic development among districts , the condition of economy development, the relation between economy development level and agriculture population), household register guarantee system, labor force itself ,the urbanization and the industrialization level etc. ,which affects the transfer of rural surplus labor force .The article reckons that government failure exists in rural surplus labor force transfer process, which can be only completed by the system guarantee and strict execution of the nation and ,such as the labor market that is society guaranteed and unified between city and country, public finance to support the agriculture, urbanization construction , the perfection of village education facilities etc. As a result, the policy supports and directions become the key elements in carrying out the sustainable transfer of rural surplus labor force.Currently , in our country .during the transfer process of rural surplus labor force, kinds of problems arises resulting from the government policy systems, resources distribution methods, social customs and the shortages of the farmers, thus affecting the sustainable transfer of rural surplus labor force directly .Especially the city- inclined policy is in the leading position in the social economy development of China, which directly causes the margin between city and country as well as the urgent of three-rural problems (namely rural economy, rural community and rural residents' problems).In order to solve this historic problem, the author put forward that we should take scientific development views as a guide , construct the leading thoughts of rural surplus labor force transfer onthe theories foundation of sustainable development and harmonious society.Part two, rural surplus labor force transfer must be sustainableTake sustainable development theories and harmonious social theories as the leading, the author gave new contents on the village labor force, rural surplus labor force , rural surplus labor force transfer, etc. ,and expressed the concepts from the angle of the government and the farmers themselves .The author thought that rural surplus labor force must build up in foundation of sustainable transfer, then can increase the farmer's incomes ,so as to resolve three-rural problems finally.lt is also thought that rural surplus labor force transfer involves four processes .including the production assignment , exchange and consumption of the society.Part three, set up a strategic mode of the sustainable transfer of rural surplus labor forceOn the environment target that rural surplus labor force should transfers and circulates coordinately ,orderly and balance, fairly .equitably and public, the author puts forward basic way of thinking that rural surplus labor force sustainable transfer :One focus, two main directions, four principles, five kinds of acts , seven supports .At the same time ,the author thinks that rural surplus labor force sustainable transfer must take sustainable development and harmonious social theories as leading, by using the system engineering method , builds up farsighted, sustainable and harmonious of long effect transfer mechanism, set up complex transfer modes that adjust measures to local conditions, with multi-layers and many outlets.Part four, the measurement and calculation analysis of sustainable transfer of rural surplus labor forceTake Fujian as the background, the author completely elaborated rural surplus labor force transfer, the village middle-class family society, agriculture modernization, village urbanization, the adjustment of agriculture industrial structure, the character of village labor force, village women employment, farmland system, the village industrialization, village ecologic environment ,the relation when join the WTO, and probed into the sustainable transfer degree model of Fujian rural surplus labor force , the measure method of the agriculture labor force surplus degree , fluxion degree and the net surplus degree of the community and the family levels of middle scale .Through the data analysis, the author considers that rural surplus labor force transfer is an inevitable process of an economic social development, this process is long-term and flexural . The transfer degree it is not more high, more good .The transfer quantity is not more many ,more good. However ,we must promote the economic society of village and the whole social economy coordinate development ,from the angle that the labor...