China's Surplus Rural Labor Transfer Strategic Research

Just as the report at The Sixteenth National Congress of the CPC says, do everything possible to create more jobs and improve the people's lives. Employment has a vital bearing on the people's livelihood. The task of increasing employment is arduous now and will remain so for a long time to come. It is a long-term strategy and policy of the state to expand employment. Agriculture, rural areas and farmers have been perplexing the economic and social development of China for long time, and these three issues remain top priorities in all the work of China. Farmers are the core of these three issues, that is, there are too many farmers that they can not find enough chances for working. It is getting more and more severe of the employment of surplus rural labor. Since the reform and opening up, although huge progress has already been made in the transfer of surplus rural labor to non-agricultural industries and to cities and towns, the traditional way of the transfer of surplus rural labor is not considerate, and has resulted in many negative consequences. What is more, the transfer of surplus rural labor is terribly necessary for building a well-off society in an all-round way. Owing to this, the thesis studies the strategy and measures about the transfer of the surplus rural labor. The overall thesis is divided into three parts, contents of each parts is as follows. The first part of this thesis, including the contents of chapter 1 and chapter 2, mainly analyses the state of the surplus rural labor and the progress in the transfer of surplus rural labor, studies the characteristics of rural labor and the reasons which lead to the labor surplus, points out the environment of labor transfer has being changed, many new problems should be solved carefully. Only all the institutional and policy barriers to the transfer of surplus rural labor must be removed can the rational and orderly flow of rural labor be attained. The second part of this thesis, include the contents of chapter 3 and chapter 4, studies the main principles and the key strategy which the transfer of the surplus rural labor should be observed. This part is the core of the full text. Chapter 3 makes a comment on the different theories about the transfer of surplus rural labor. Chapter 4 puts forward three key strategies which the transfer of Chinese surplus rural labor should abide by. The condition of Chinese labor force supply and the level of economic and social development decide that the transfer of surplus rural labor should be pushed forward step by step. The third part of this thesis, includes chapter 5, chapter 6, chapter 7 and chapter 8, put forward the policies about the transfer of surplus rural labor. Chapter 5 points out that the rural development is essential policy for rural labor to move to non-agricultural industries and cities and towns. The poverty and un-development is the most important barrier for rural labor to flow. We should try to build up the system environment, the industries environment and perfect and strict farmland protection system, which do good to the growth of rural economy and the construction of rural society. Chapter 6 argues that it is the major premise to improve their labor ability for rural labor to move to non-agricultural industries and cities and towns. It is necessary to do more work for rural labor to move to cities and towns. Firstly, improve their economy ability of payment to transferring by increasing the farmers' income. Secondly, strengthen the labor technical ability to transferring by raising the farmers' the cultural character and body characters. Thirdly, guarantee the equal and fair competition environment for rural labor to move by raising their social status. Chapter 7 points out that it is urgent to open the door which leads to cities and towns for rural labor to move. In recent years, the poor income and the wretched working environments result in the terrible lack of the farmer worker supply which has influenced the growth of economy badly. So it is very necessary to remove the barriers wh...