Research On State Governance Of The Three Rural Problems

The problem of farmer, agriculture and countryside is a fundamental problem of Chinese reformation and open all the time. Furthermore, the modernization of china is modernization of a big peasant country. Therefore, the problem of Farmer, Agriculture and Countryside is a field of having the most difficulty, the maximum problems and the most numerous and complicated and dazzling in the course of modernization in the past, now or future in the view of macroscopic or middle or microscopic. The problem of Farmer, Agriculture and Countryside has highlighted in the form of problem in the politics, economics, culture and society since the last 90s. Although state and government give a great deal of efforts and get tremendous achievements in solving the problem of farmer, agriculture and countryside, the problem of farmer, agriculture and countryside exists and has much serious out of the influence from all kinds of factors in history and reality. The problem of farmer, agriculture and countryside becomes a neck of bottle of modernization and constructing harmonious society. The formation of the problem of farmer, agriculture and countryside has intimated connections with the way of state governance. Similarly, the solving of the problem of farmer, agriculture and countryside can't be detached from the power of state political power. The problem of farmer, agriculture and countryside needs to be solved by new design of system, selection of policy and new way of governance as a system secure by state. State political power is fundamental power of solving the problem of farmer, agriculture and countryside from the point of view. As a result, it is natural that solves the problem of farmer, agriculture and countryside by state governance. Therefore, study on the problem of farmer, agriculture and countryside by the theory of state governance is a task of having important value of theory and meaning of practice in the view of politics Part one makes a concrete analysis on the state governance theory, because political theory is a principle about state or government, so the governance of the Three Rural problems should bases that kind theory. Based on the concrete analysis of "state"and "governance", the author makes a conclusion that "state governance"is a governing course and practice on the public affair. By analyzing Marxism's theory of state which refers that the state's essential is to control conflict and keep it in the order-allowing domain, the author thinks that the essential function of state governance is keep the conflict in the order-allowing domain. According to Marxism, the "order"refers to the class's ruling order which represents the ruling class's basic right, so the political order's essential is refers to the fundamental right which decides the state governance's purpose is to maintain the ruling class's fundamental right and to make a division among all of the political entity. Because different people in different era have different views on political order, so in this part the author also makes a topical analysis on three kinds view of political order include collectivism, individualism, Marxism, which represents different right tendency. This dissertation thinks that now that the state governance's real purpose is to safe and maintain ruling class's right by using the public power, so different right tendency need different collocation and operation model of public power. By this measure, there will appear corresponding relation status between government and society. From the historical practice of human political development and state governance, if using the right tendency, especially both the collocation and operation model of public power and the relation status between government and society to define the state governancemodel, there will be exist three kinds governing model which include control model, autonomous model and cooperation model. All of the three kinds model can realize different right tendency and form different relation status between government and society, just by using different collocation and operation model of public power. It is based on the state governance theory the author sets up the dissertation's whole frame. In chapter two the author makes a historical reflection on the state governance of the Three Rural Problems. Committing historical reverse side and thinks to the state governance of the three rural problems, this part tries to grasp precisely the internal relations between the way of state governance to the problem of farmer, agriculture and countryside and the formation of the problem of farmer, agriculture and countryside by analyze deeply the political essence, the roots of system and the methods and success and failure to the state governance of the problem of farmer, agriculture and countryside. What's more, state is both the crux of economic growth and the roots of economic declination. The state governance can both promote the development of the problem of farmer, agriculture and countryside and secure the solving of the problem of farmer, agriculture and countryside and can turn into the roots of forming the problem of farmer, agriculture and countryside, which is decided by the selection of the route and way of the state governance to the problem of farmer, agriculture and countryside. In a sense, the political reasons of forming the problem of farmer, agriculture and countryside lie in controlling governance to farmer, agriculture and countryside by state. In addition, the controlling way is abundant of control and scared of autonomy and cooperation .It is scared of resources of institution and organizations .As a result, the aim of governance is not easy to realization. Therefore, the state should govern the problem of farmer, agriculture and countryside by way of new idea and means. Part three gives the concrete goals and principles on how to govern theThree Rural Problems in new time from macro and political vision, by which the basic direction of institution design and policy behavior on solving the Three Rural Problems is bring forward clearly. The author thinks that with the continuing development of market, democracy, law and the establishment of new governing policy such as people-oriented, city and countryside co-development, industry serving agriculture, construction harmony society, etc, the Three Rural Problems'solve should both take some reasonable goals which include realizing fair and justice, safeguarding farmer's rights, planning city and countryside's development as a whole, construction civil community, sticking agriculture's continuous development, and keep the special solving path which include long term, general consideration, spatiality, inequality, market-orient, democracy-oriented, law-oriented, reasonable right division, autonomy. Based on this, during the governing course, our government also need to solve some other basic problems which include optimizing the management of countryside's public cause, improving the relationship between farmer and government, farmer and society, farmer and market, safeguarding farmer's right. In part four, this dissertation brings forward the essential mechanism and structure for the three rural problems'governing in general & macro angle. The author thinks that both the construction of cooperation governance model and the interaction between government and farmer are the inevitable mechanism which include both reforming government and organizing farmer for solving the Three Rural Problems. In order to solve the Three Rural Problems effectively, the author thinks that according to the three divisions of governance model, the historical reflection on the Three Rural Problems governance and the its new governing goal and principle, our government should chooses the cooperation governance model which means that put the governing emphasis on the countryside public affair. Different from both the control governance model which stresses government's polar role and the...