| At the turn of 70's and 80's of the 20th century, with the development of science and technology and increasing perfection of international economic principles, worldwide economic globalization started blooming and had great impact on the various layers of social life all over the world. Against the background of globalization, governmental functions of western developed countries encountered unprecedented challenges: global market restrains governmental policies, national sovereignty is challenged in the world politics, globalization calls for more competent governmental management, development of citizen society restricts national functioning, repercussions of globalization cause pressure on the executive system transformation. Meanwhile, new public executive difficulties were also emerging, such as financial crisis, governmental crisis and credit crisis. All these challenges and difficulties have become the major motivation of western governmental function transformation since 80's in 20th century. The first thing first is the reorientation of governmental functions and rechoosing of function output, followed by reconstruction of governmental structure, regulation of relationships among governments, reform of governmental inner structure. Therefore, the themes of western governmental function transformation since 80's in 20th century include: unloading---market orientation of governmental function positioning and function output; decentralization---perfection of executive power distribution; effectiveness---reconstruction of executive personnel system. At the turn of 80's and 90's of 20th century, with the development of globalization and changes of international structure, "administration theory"has become theoretical basis for western governmental function transformation. The basic meaning of "administration"is to use authority to maintain order and to meet the public needs in a certain range. Its purpose is to "administrate well", that is to say, use power to guide, control and regulate citizens'various activities in different system relationships, so as to increase public interests to maximum. Its nature is the cooperative administration of government and citizens on public life. So the most outstanding feature of "administration theory"is reconsideration of governments. When the "administration"analysis structure was applied on international level, "global administration theory"came into being, which is extension of administration theory at the worldwide level. It is not only the result of administration concept extending, but the necessary consequence of world politics development. It refers to the total of all the manners adopted by public, private institutions and individuals to administrate and solve the global issues like conflicts, ecology, human rights, migration, drug, smuggling, epidemic and all kinds of public affairs, so as to maintain regular international political and economic order, including formal laws, informal principles and regulations and reconciliation or united actions for solving conflicts. On the whole, globalization has greatly affected administrative concept and model of western governments, it has not only motivated transformation of western public executive ideas and governmental administration procedures, but has changed modern nations'executive concepts and values. Against the background of globalization, the transformation of western governmental function transformation has displayed four obvious developing momentums: Momentum 1: transition of partial governmental functions. The trend of globalization causes some non-state entities such as international organizations, multinational companies, nongovernmental organizations come into being. Their action range and influences keep increasing, and have enormous impact on traditional countries and the idea of absolute sovereignty. In fact, this is the conflict between state-politics and global politics. Confronted with this conflict, government structure, existing as an entity to deal with comprehensive interests conflicts, has to be properlyadjusted and transformed. The state government distributes authority to regional, multinational and globa(lpublic or privacy)organizations, or share it with them. But partial restriction, transition and damage won't influence the status of sovereignty, Transition of national sovereignty won't cause real threat to sovereignty. On the contrary, it is the prerequisite of the implementation of sovereignty. According to the developed countries'practice, the political function ratio of the government has been decreased, and gradually replaced by economic and social functions. The state sovereignty has been transformed into three typical transition forms: regional organizations, multinational companies and non-governmental organizations. Momentum 2: extension of the governmental administrant function. After the end of the cold war in 1990's, the military confrontation and competition have been alleviated, and economy-oriented overall national strength competition has become increasingly intense. With the trend of economic globalization and intelligence-oriented economy, competition among enterprises and nations no longer focus on natural resources, but on intelligence ones. The three characteristics of intelligence, free of boundary, unlimited supply and non-independence determines the fact that intelligence-oriented economy must be a global economy. Scientific knowledge is the basis of technology development and a kind of "public interest". There is usually a gap between scientific knowledge and practical production. Enterprise can't make immediate profits out of it. Private enterprises are not very interested in the scientific knowledge development. So the governments provide most investment of scientific research and development. Competition at the enterprises level has bee elevated to that of nations. Renovation is the soul of a nation, a country's core competition force. Building national renovation system has become a comprehensive platform for the consecutive development of productivity and increasing of national competition force. Therefore, constructing national renovation system is the extension of governmental function. Governments are the investors of national renovation system, the creators of national renovation environment, the organizers and coordinators of national renovation systemand the masters of national renovation system development strategies. Momentum 3: digitalization of governmental administration. With the spread of computer, communication technology and internet, the world has stepped into an information era. The so-called information society usually refers to the net connected by computers, internet facilities and software, which redistributes various production resources all over the world, sharing, spreading and processing information resources. It profoundly alters the ways of living and production. The most outstanding feature is that it connects the relationships among people and countries through internet. The changes of information spreading channels and processing methods completely alter the operation model of the whole society. As the leading role in society, governmental administration patterns are undergoing tremendous changes in the information era. A brand new term, digital government, has been known. Digital governmental is beneficial to the transition of governmental function from administration-oriented toward administration and service oriented. It helps to transform the operation system of government, increase the effectiveness of governmental administration, cut executive costs, make governmental decision more scientific and democratic, increase governmental responsive capability, promote the value of information resources and build a clean and impartial governmental. Momentum 4: globalization of government crisis management. Under the impact of globalization, with the global elements penetrating into all the fields of society, all nations involved in the process of market competition and information sharing will never restore its relative stability and sluggish evolution in the old times. The crisis in modern globalization is therefore different from the ones in traditional society. It finds its full expression in uncertainty, abruptness, obscurity and multi-nationality. With the frequent emergence of global crisis, the public crisis become a common phenomenon, hence the inefficiency of the government management in all nations. Under the circumstance of globalization and opening-up, the government undertakes very critical tasks of reducing and minimizing the public crisis in the process of economic development, of strengthening the awareness ofcrisis, and of remolding the effective global crisis management system. Today, we are facing with the same globalization background as the western countries. Therefore, it is significant and enlightening to recognize and evaluate the strengths and weakness of governmental function transformation in western developed countries since we have to draw lessons and push on governmental function transformation. Dialectically, governmental function transformation in western world is favorable to its politics, for example: this will promote the all-round administrative ability; make the optimal coincidence of government and market come true and give impetus to coordinative development of state, market and society. Whereas it also brings about negative influence, for example: the sovereignty faces attacks and challenges; the gap between the rich and the poor continues widening worldwide; the restriction society imposes on disposing capacity. Mr. Deng Xiao Ping makes the significant and appropriate adjustment on functions of socialist country based on profound analysis of current situation domestically and abroad and accurate judgment of domestic principal contradiction. He also introduces the new concept of socialist country function which enriches and develops the state function concept of Marxism; this provides full theoretical ground for governmental function transformation on the background of globalization. However, government function transformation of western developed countries possesses common experiences, which undoubtedly set a good example for Chinese governmental function transformation. We should draw meaningful lessons from government function transformation of western countries to fullest possible extent to push on the transformation of Chinese governmental function and the revolution and improvement of ways the Party wields state power. So that our government will meet people's need with public services of low cost, high efficiency, high-grade quality. Therefore, I suggest tackling with the governmental function transformation from the following angles: straightening out the relations between market and government, strengthening the macro-adjustment and control; correctly comprehending the relations between globalization and nationalization, enhancing the sense of sovereignty; perfecting nationalinnovation system, raising national innovation ability; sharpening the governmental administrative ability, speeding up the information construction pace; facilitating the coordinative development of state, market and society. To our great joyfulness, Chinese governmental function transformation has scored remarkable results, and is pushing forward rapidly along the correct direction. We are thriving on the confidence that Chinese governmental function transformation is bound to reap expected harvest ultimately.
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