Contemporary Chinese Political Reform Economic Analysis

Advancing the political reform actively, constructing the socialist democracy with Chinese characteristic is the unwavering political goal of Chinese Communist Party and is also the basic topic of contemporary Chinese politics development .Why does contemporary China want to carry on political reform? How to comprehend contemporary Chinese political reform? What is the basic way of political reform in contemporary China? What is the foreground of Chinese political reform? Although the academic circle has already carried on more theories to investigate these problems, because of the restriction in the angle of studying, these problems haven't been solved well. With the background of contemporary Chinese economy reform and the differentiation of the social interests, with the guide of Marxist theories, with the point of view of interests analysis , in the method of the public choice and neo-institution school for research support, the paper puts forward a analytical theories frame of the political institution supply - demand , from the angle of economy, concretely say to be the angle of the cost - income , and provides a new way of thinking to comprehend contemporary Chinese political reform .This paper mainly probes these problems as follows:Firstly, the paper begins from analysis of the concept, the characteristic and the structure of the interest, inquiry into the relation between interest and politics. Points out that the interests is basic pursue of social person and pursuing the interests to maximize is the basic motive that people participate social activity and the basic factor of pushing society progressive, certainly is also basic move that people participate political activity .The paper puts forward that the interests is the foundation of forming the nation and political institution and the basic condition of the democracy development, is also the basic factor that pushes the political reform and political development. But with the political relation forming and the establishment of the government and political institution, then the authority means of moderating social interests relation is coming. As soon as the political institution established, the competition of interests of the social member have the institution norm and the rule assurance that can promote mankind's behavior and society relation. With the foundation above-mentioned analysis, the paper emphasizes in the angle of political development the decisive function and influence of the Chinese economy reform and development and the change of social interests structure that take place to the contemporary political reform, analysis elementarily, putting forward a basic way of thinking that comprehend contemporary Chinese political reform from the interests angle of view.Secondly, the paper defines the basic concept of institution, political institution, political institution demand, political institution to supply, political institution balance etc., and then puts forward a theories frame that in the angle of institution demand - to supply unbalanced to comprehend contemporary Chinese political reform. The paper think: Social member produced the demand of the political institution at interests demanding foundation, but the political institution demand is occurrence of essential condition of political reform. Only the social member produced institution to the political of demand, they would request political institution to provide to correspond of the political institution arrangement, carry on a political change. The development of the contemporary Chinese social socialism market economy, bring the variety of the social interests structure, appear the trend of interests diversification, the interests difference extension, the interests contradict complication. The variety of social interests relation, puts forward the request to extend political participation to the political institution and support a political stability and keep the political legitimacy actually. Certainly, the social member's political institution demand was just of possibility for the political reform. But the real occurrence of political reform, have to depend on the real political institution to supply. Political reform is a process of political institution of supply .The political institution supply is the process that new political institution arrangement replaces originally old political institution, but why the original institution arrangement is replaced, because of its institution net income to zero or smaller than zero, can't satisfy the society interests demand increase already. But the new institution arrangement of expecting net income then is bigger than zero, can bring people more interests. Political institution supply process, is also the process of the public choice and response to the political institution demand, among them, the government develops predominant function in the public choice. The paper further put forward that contemporary Chinese political reform is so occurrence, because of the political institution demand and political institution supply to appear inconformity, namely the non- balanced condition of the political institution. Political institution of the demand is prosperous now, but the political institution of supply oppositely is not enough, the non-balance is a kind of institution supply in short. And, this kind of non-balance is in the part of political institution. Namely our political institution is balanced in whole, but the part of political institution is placed in non- balanced state, that is to say, concrete political institution is in short supply. This may helps us to comprehend why our political change is a political reform but not a political revolution.Thirdly, the paper analyzes the net income of the mode of contemporary Chinese political reform. The paper thinks that since 80's in 20 centuries Chinese political reform is a gradually political change. The Chinese Communist Party thinks fully about the public interests, under the collectively reasonableness guide. The political change is also a government predominance of the political change. This kind of change mode can make up the shortage of mankind political reasonableness and reform experience, avoiding the huge risk of political reform. The reform has characteristic of tempt change in compulsory change, the double track transfer but increment in advance, from part to enter for whole and several parts go together, the reform inside institution combine together with institution outside. The reason that this kind of changing form has taken place, is because the cost for reform is smaller, but the income compares greater, seeing from the angle of the economy it is reasonable. It is also to be say that our country's political reform process pass an experimental stage to try avoiding wrong experience, step by step, first easily difficult behind, from outer to center, from microcosmic to macroscopic, from part to whole, follow the sequence and advance gradually. This kind of reform method compare with radical type reform, have advantageous to avoid the resistance that lets up reform, acquiring bigger social income by smaller reform cost, avoiding strong political risk. Certainly, gradual political reform would also be self-contradict, accumulating to gather risk. This is gradually into the contrary theory of political reform. The paper analyze the risk of the gradual political reform, based on this foundation, the paper puts forward how to solve the contradiction of the gradual political reform and insists that under the premise of gradual reform of thinking, solve the problems through speeding the political reform step. The writer believes that as long as accepting the leadership of Chinese Communist Party in political reform and strengthening the control to the political reform progress, the political reform steps to exceed of a little bit larger, will not change the property of the our country's socialism and will not disrupt stable political situation. We are filled with expectation and confidence to Chinese political reform.