The Institutional Dimension Of Political Security

Security is the basic needs of human survival and development. Political security refers that the political system is protected, which is immune to avoid, prevent and eliminate risks or minimize them. To be understood in a broad sense, political security includes internal and external aspects. Internally, political security mainly refers that state power is not in crisis, the state and society don't appear division and unrest, the state can implement governance within its territory, the personal and property safety of nationals are effectively protected. Externally, political security mainly refers to the independence of national sovereignty, the integrity of territory, free from the threat of other international actors. Along with these two aspects, we can truly realize political security. Therefore, the political security in general performs specifically a state that the political system isn't in the subversive danger, has a high level of legitimacy and governance. The process of the realization of political security is the process of maintaining political stability in the process of promoting political development. Lessons of the history and the present political chaos in some countries show that political security is a very important issue of human peace and development, which can not be avoided. For China, the safeguard of development achievements and future development are inseparable from the maintenance of political security. So, to study the political security is an important and urgent task.This research breakthroughs the understanding of political security of scholars from international politics and international relations, focuses on the political security internally, and return to the political system itself, to find the crucial protection of political security. This paper argues that values, reasonable structure, sound system functions and features of the political system, as well as the effectiveness of the system in continuous development and changes, play a fundamental role of maintaining political security. The fossilization of the system, therefore the unreasonable and unjust political system hasn't changed for a long time, is a serious threat to political security. In contemporary society, the incentives of main threats of Chinese political security can be found at the institutional level, so the fundamental way of maintaining political security is to reinforce the institutional protection of political security through institutional innovations.Political security is a core component of national security. It's constituted by the security of sovereignty, territory, regime and political system, and the safety of ideology, and so on. Power, performance, institution and ideology are four factors to support political security. The institutional factor plays a fundamental role, while other factors are acting on the institutional factor, then affecting the political security. From the perspective of natural, values of the arrangements of political system which is beneficial to maintain political security must reflect the consensus and spirits of the times, reflect the fundamental interests of people, and be sufficient vigilance to the evil of human nature. Therefore, values the political system to maintain political security embodies in fairness and justice, democracy, the rule of law. Fairness and justice is the primary value of the institutional arrangements. Analyses from the technical dimension, the arrangements of political system which is conducive to maintain political security must have sound function, structure and characteristics.To any of the institutions, it faces constantly adjusting and changing from the date of its establishment. In general, gradual change is conducive to political security; radical change is against to the political security. Orderly change is conducive to the maintenance of political security; disorderly change maybe increases political risks. The equitable distribution of costs and outcomes of institutional change is conducive to maintaining political security, or harming it. The institution plays a key role of maintaining political security that depends on the institution to maintain adjustable and developable. If the phenomenon of institutional fossilization appears, the institution not only can't be a strong guarantee of the political security, it may become an obstacle of political security, because the rigid institution itself is one of the threats to political security. Therefore, the desire to maintain political security need to consolidate the political system in the process of change, to develop its effectiveness, to solve the imperfect and ineffective of the system, to avoid the rigidity, and to promote institutional innovation constantly. Innovation is the vitality of institutions, directly related to the success or failure of the country. The social transformation of China needs institutions to safeguard, but it also is a test of the capacity of institutions. The environment of China's political security overall remains stable, but there are varying degrees of threats. These threats of political security are rooted in the political system itself, attributed to the injustice, unreasonable, imperfect, and unsound political institution. The maintenance of political security lies in the fundamental way to meet the basic requirements of the development of productive forces, under the premise of the political system can withstand, lead the value of innovations by justice, make the linkage of government and society as a strategy of innovations, make a basic path of innovations by deepening political system reform. Finally, in the process, it sublimates the spirit, strengthens the functions and structure of the political institution, and enhances the political legitimacy and governance performance of political system, and then provides long-lasting institutional guarantee for the maintenance of political security in China, and realizes the long-term stability.In short, the maintenance of political security is a practical issue which is related to national prosperity and fate. It also is an ambitious and complex theoretical issue. This article discusses how to maintain political security from the dimension of political institution, perhaps to be an initial and positive try to solve this problem.