Study On Transformation Of The Eonomic Role Of Chinese Government

It's an ancient topic to study the eonomic role of state. Since 1980s, the economists in the worldbank and other economists have began to rethink the eonomic role of government, facing a series ofincidents such as the crash of the planned economy in Soviet Russia and Eastern European countries;economic stagnation and social convulsion in the nations to the south of the Sahara and in LatinAmerica; "Eastern Asian miracle"; "the rise of China"; "deregulation, the privatization of state-ownederterprises in the western countries".In these affairs, people get to know that the development ofeconomy is not only the input of capital, labor, technology, but also close to functions of government,which rests with how to distingwish the different functional scopes among government, market andnon-government organizations based on their advantages and disadvantages in the course of carring outfunctions and different culture, history and stages of economic develpoment in different countries. Thishas decided the different economic performances between the developing countries. The economists inthe world bank and other economists put forward to many new viewpoints and thoeries through theseaffaires, which is used for reference for us, also had summarized many lessons, which is used for lesson.Western countries created many ways of effective and efficient provision of public services through thecooperation between government, market and non-government organizations, and get a greatachievment, this is important for the developing countries to how to make use of governments toaccelerate their economic development.At the present Chinese reform focuses governmental reform, building up of public service orientedgovernment is our goal of governmental reform. Current many economic and social problems havesomething with governmental reform lagging behind. So it becomes pressing task for China toaccelerate transformation of government, strenghten function of governmental provision of publicservices, transfer the ways of governmental provision of public services in order to guarantee to providepublic services enough and necessary. The primary aim of the dissertation is to systematicly andcomprehenssively study the transformation of Chinese government, building up of public servicesoriented government and how to deal with the relationship among government, market andnon-government organizations based on absorbing in new theories and the experiences of the world'spractice.At the present, the Chinese government still regulate natioal economy strictly, Chinese governmentstill indirectly control a quantity of resource through regulation. As a result, regulation led to manybehaviors seeking for rent, distorting market mechanism. On the other hand, social regulation is notenough in China, social problems are outstanding such as problems of quality of foods and drugs,enviromental pollution. These severely threaten health and security of people and sustainabledevelopment of economy and society. So deregulation and streghten social regulation is the first ofpaths for the transformation of the eonomic role of Chinese government. Since 1970s, western countries have began to practise the marketization of government's publicservices. These broke the traditional concept—government's public services must be producedthrough SOEs. Although there are different opinions about the marketization of public services, manycountries are still exploring the ways of the marketization and have a great achievement. There are somecommon problems such as inefficiency and lack of provision of public services in the field of publicservices in China. So we should reform SOEs, especially these distributing in natural monopolyindustries, push the marketization of government's public services in order to improve efficiency andmake up the lack of capital of public services. These is the second of pathst for the transformation ofrole of Chinese government.Economic development oriented finance and urban-rural dual finacial system is tipicalcharateristics in the transition of China, undeniablely, it has get a great success in advancing China'seconoimc growth in nearly 30 years. In these days, market mechanism was still faulty, miro-marketmain bodies-enterprises were still distemptered in the transition from the planned economy to marketeconomy in china, so it is reseasonable to promote private investment through finace investment. Butalong with deepening of reform of marketization, economic development oriented finance becomesincoordinated with market mechanism and led to many economic and social problems in China.Economic theories and practices of capitalism tell us that building up public finance is the key forressolving these problems. Although building up public finance system involved in many aspects,optimization of finacial expenditure structure and clearly marking off the roles between all-levelgovernments are the keysDuring the transformation of Chinese government. Government will quit from some economic andsocial fields in transformation, then NGOs are the better repalcer in these fields than market.Government, market and NGOs are three kinds of different institutions, which are defferentcharacteristics. Earing profit is the purpose of market, NGOs are suitable to do things which needpeople's pities and patience, not authotity; government is fit to do such things as maintaining social fair;protecting people's lives and property, resisting the enemys' invasion etc. which need forces as backing.Studies show that NGOs takes in hand large numbers of economic-social affairs in capitalist countries,as a result, the governmennt size of them is smaller than the developing countries. But NGOs almostdisappears in China for the historical reason, authority of the state lies on anywhere, any otherorganizations become the state's appendents, as s result, government takes on many affairs which shouldbelong to NGOs and its size becomes expended for this reason. So fostering NGOs is one of externalconditions for building up public services oriented governmemt.In a word, this dissertation think that the essence of the transformation of the role of Chinesegovernment is to adjust and correctly deal with relations between government and market, betweengovernment and SOEs, between government and NGOs, between government and county and betweengovernments, for these Chinese government must promote reform from four aspects: regulation, SOEs,finance and NGOs.