Deng Xiaoping's New View Of Socialism

This thesis focuses on the issue of Deng Xiaoping's new socialist conception.Deng Xiaoping's new socialist conception, formed in the process of Comrade Deng Xiaoping researching and studying"what is the practical socialism"and"how to build socialism in practice", is the general idea and basic view on socialist concept. Socialist concept is the value orientation of Deng Xiaoping's new socialist conception, and practice is its focus of attention. In another word, Deng Xiaoping's new socialist conception implicates Deng Xiaoping's understanding of"what is socialist concept"and"how to build socialism".This thesis consists of six chapters in addition to its Introduction and Conclusion.Introduction presents the purpose, the structural outline and the meaning. This thesis aims to provide a comprehensive impression of Deng Xiaoping's new socialist conception, which is also the general contents and main line of the thesis.The First Chapter provides the forming condition of Deng Xiaoping's new socialist conception.Deng Xiaoping's new socialist conception did not bring out on Comrade Deng Xiaoping's individual impulse, but on the basis of profound theories and rich experiences. As peace and development became trend of the times, based on the historical experiences and lessons on the success or failure of other socialist countries, Deng Xiaoping's new socialist conception was formed and represented with the practice of reform, opening up and the socialism modernization, in the process of Chinese government and people's study on"what is the practical socialism"and"how to build socialism in practice". It is seen that under the certain historical background Deng Xiaoping's new socialist conception came into being.In Chapter Two, the thesis expounds why Deng Xiaoping's new socialist conception is called"NEW"socialist conception.There are four main reasons for why Deng Xiaoping's socialist conception is new socialist conception. First of all, Deng Xiaoping's socialist conception different from traditionally classical socialist theories is a new pattern of socialist conception. Secondly, Deng Xiaoping's socialist conception integrated socialism truth with socialism value is a new state of socialist conception. Thirdly, Deng Xiaoping's socialist conception takes a new model of socialist conception. Finally, Deng Xiaoping's socialist conception makes great progress for traditional socialist theories and practice from the aspects of theoretical contents, thinking model as well as theoretical level.Chapter Three makes an exposition on the implication of Deng Xiaoping's new socialist conception.In order to study clearly, I divided the implication of Deng Xiaoping's new conception into two parts: one focuses on Comrade Deng Xiaoping's ideas on"what is new socialism", the other presents his statement on"how to build socialism". Actually, Deng Xiaoping's new socialist conception shows Comrade Deng Xiaoping's cognition on"building socialism with Chinese characteristics". Socialism with Chinese characteristics means Chinese people will, under the leadership of the Communist Party of China (CPC) and in light of China's basic conditions take economic development as the central task, adhere to the Four Cardinal Principles and persevere in reform and opening up, release and develop the productive forces; develop the socialist market economy, adhere to the system whereby distribution according to work remains the predominant mode and coexists with various other mode. Socialist democracy construction means Chinese people must, uphold the system of people's congress, the system of multiparty cooperation and political consultation under the leadership of the CPC, the system of regional ethnic autonomy, and the system of self-governance at the primary level of society; follow the guidance of Marxist Theory, develop national, scientific and popular socialist culture geared to the needs of modernization; put people first, develop in a scientific way, promote all aspects of socialist economic, political, cultural and social development, build a harmonious socialist society; follow the principle of"one country, two systems"reunify the motherland, and implement the approach to development centered on equality and mutual benefit and contribute to world peaceGenerally speaking, Socialism with Chinese characteristics combines the principle of scientific socialism and the practice of China's socialism modernization, so it is formed to be the socialism with Chinese characteristics, Chinese style, and Chinese attitude. Its implication covers two aspects. One is the fundamental principle of scientific socialism that requests to show the nature and value idea of scientific socialism, uphold the socialism direction and system and take the path of socialism. The other aspect is Chinese characteristics that emphasize that the application of scientific socialism principles should start from China's practical situation according to the requests of times and practice rather than blind copy of theories and other countries'socialism model. It is the fact that socialism with Chinese characteristics that implicates China's unique politics, methods, and experiences shows its great potential while the worldwide socialism movement is at its low ebb.Chapter Four elaborates the new angles and forming characteristics of Deng Xiaoping's new socialist conception.It is proved that Deng Xiaoping's new socialist conception is really"NEW"socialist conception from the respects of its various angles and unique forming characteristics. From the representing point of Deng Xiaoping's new socialist conception, Deng Xiaoping summarizes the essence of socialism in terms of purpose and application, recognizes socialism characteristics on the basis of China's basic conditions, gives the definition of socialism in accordance with the unity of oppositeness, lays the socialism foundation from the historical view, and presents that building socialism with Chinese characteristics should be developed in all-round way with the trend of development. Deng Xiaoping's new socialist conception consists of four forming characteristics. First of all, what is socialist concept: question from the reverse side but solve directly. Secondly, how to build socialism: set standards but not restrict measures. Thirdly, attitude toward socialism practice: promote development and stress cooperation. Finally, discussion on socialism future: keep pace with times and insist on pursuit. Deng Xiaoping's socialist conception is a kind of dialectic, realistic and practical socialism. It does not only insist on the path of communism but place emphasis on the fundamental practice. Deng Xiaoping's new socialist conception has unique, creative, and flexible characteristics though still to be perfected, enriched and developed.Chapter Five discusses the development of Deng Xiaoping's new socialist conception in Jiang Zemin Era.With Comrade Jiang Zemin at its core leading,central collective leadership of the CPC continued and developed Deng Xiaoping's new socialist conception. In the next thirteen years of the Fourth Plenary Session of the Thirteenth Central Committee, Comrade Jiang Zemin developed the knowledge on"what is the socialist concept"from different aspects. First, from the cognition of the essence of socialism,"promoting the all-round development of people"was added to the theory of essence of socialism by Comrade Jiang Zemin, which enriched and developed the implication of essence of socialism. Second, from the cognition of primary stage of socialism, Comrade Jiang Zemin emphasized that it necessary to be aware of"what is the primary stage of socialism, and how to build socialism in the primary stage of socialism". At the Fifteenth National Congress of the CPC, Comrade Jiang Zemin demonstrated the basic theory, line and program of CPC in the primary stage of socialism; at the Sixteenth National Congress of CPC, Comrade Jiang Zemin summed up the fundamental experiences in the primary stage of socialism, meanwhile, he represented the thought----"fighting poverty through development is a critical task in the primary stage of socialism"----therefore, the theory of the primary stage of socialism turned into a system theory in Jiang Zemin era. Third, Comrade Jiang Zemin developed Comrade Deng Xiaoping's statement on"building socialism with Chinese characteristics". Comrade Jiang also added rich contents to the theory on"how to build socialism"from five respects. One, Comrade Jiang Zemin enriched the Comrade Deng Xiaoping's view on the relationship between plan and market. Two,Comrade Jiang Zemin strengthened and improved Deng Xiaoping's thought of"three-step"strategy. He represented"small three-step"as the strategic objective on the basis of"big three-step"strategy and released strategic measures to build a moderately prosperous society in all respects. Three, Comrade Jiang Zemin pointed out that the reform essentially concern on system innovation so as to develop the theory on socialism reform. Four, Comrade Jiang Zemin intensified the thought on socialist democracy and put forward such an important statement that"the essence of socialism lies in the fact that people are masters of the country". Five, Comrade Jiang Zemin brought forth famous"Jiang Zemin's eight-point formula"to solve Taiwan problem, which developed the theory of reunifying our country. It can be seen that the viewpoints above mentioned are inheritance and development of Deng Xiaoping's views on"how to build socialism", and are further explained, summarized and developed. Accordingly, Jiang Zemin's important thought of Three Represents is evolved from Deng Xiaoping's new socialist conception. One of the important thought of Three Represents,"making the social progress, promoting the all-round development of people", intensifies the knowledge on"what is socialist concept". The thought,"it being essential for the Party to give top priority to development in governing and rejuvenating the country", develops Deng Xiaoping's thought on"how to build socialism". In a word, in Jiang Zemin Era, Deng Xiaoping's new socialist conception has been expanded, deepened, and enriched.The final Chapter states Comrade Hu Jintao's contribution to the development in Deng Xiaoping's new socialist conception.Since 16th Party Congress, with Hu Jintao as general secretary,central collective leadership of the CPC continue to emancipate our minds, seek truth from facts, keep up with the times, make bold changes and innovations, enrich and develop Deng Xiaoping's new socialist conception from respects of"what is socialist concept"and"how to build socialism".Based on Comrade Deng Xiaoping and Jiang Zemin's achievements, Comrade Hu Jintao puts forward the critical statement on"social harmony is an essential attribute of socialism with Chinese characteristics"which develops the implication of Deng Xiaoping's new socialist conception. Comrade Hu Jintao expounds the thought on the current features of development at China's new stage in the new century, which deeps and develops the theory on the primary stage of socialism. He represents that"people's democracy is the lifeblood of socialism", which develops the cognition of socialism political characteristics; he also does put forward that the socialist maxims of honor and disgrace, the system of socialist core values as well as equity and justice are the core of socialism and harmonious society, which further develops the characteristics of the development of socialist spiritual civilization and laws. Furthermore, he expounds comprehensively the thought of theoretical system of socialism with Chinese characteristics, which summarizes great socialist practice of building socialism with Chinese characteristics, and develops Deng Xiaoping's new socialist conception.Comrade Hu Jintao contributes much to the understanding of"how to build socialism". The leadership of CPC, with Hu Jintao as general secretary, has persisted in overall consideration of economic and social development with the scientific outlook on development since the sixteenth National Congress. At the seventeenth National Congress, Comrade Hu Jintao clearly presented the goal of building a moderately prosperous society of a higher level in all respects, and released new measures to building socialism with Chinese characteristics. That answered why and how socialism with Chinese characteristics develops.In a word, in Hu Jintao Era, Deng Xiaoping's new socialist conception has been greatly developed and enriched. Especially, the representation of the outlook on development and the form of the theoretical system of socialism with Chinese characteristics enrich the contents of Deng Xiaoping's socialist conception. It is the latest achievement in adapting Marxism to Chinese conditions, and is our invaluable political and intellectual asset.