Study On The Shanghai Cooperation Organization On The Geopolitical Perspective

The Shanghai Cooperation Organization is a regional cooperation organization composed by China, Russia, Kazkstan, Tajikistan, Kyrgyzstan, and Uzbekistan, which adapts to the big change of International relations and Euro-Asian geopolitics after cold-war, replies to the security threat and challenges in the Euro-Asian area and accumulates rational economic development and cooperation,. From the Shanghai Five Meeting in 1996 to the formal foundation of the SCO, it's been through the great flight from the dialogical and cooperative mechanism to the regional organization. The fields of cooperation has enlarged from the military trust and disarmament between neighbor nations to the full cooperation of security, economy, diplomacy and culture. The fields of cooperation has enlarged and deepened continually. The SCO has had positive influence and effects in promoting the members'full cooperation, safeguarding the regional peace and stability, and accelerating the cooperation of trade, investment, energy sources, communication and humanity. At the same time, the SCO also faces many new situations and tasks, and it needs further deepening the cooperative relation, implementing the achieved agreements, improving the organizational mechanisms in order to make itself more developed and better.Study on the SCO has great importance on the theory and reality. It's an important strategic mechanism for China to strengthen the security cooperation and to improve economic and trading relations between China and Russia and the Central Asian nations, and it's also strategically important for China to have a good international circumstance to safeguard the stability of the north-western region. Therefore, the study of the SCO is important both in terms of theory and practice.The thesis is a study of the SCO's origin, drives to develop, ways of cooperation and the configurations in the future. According to the general rule of study, with the logic of"space-time-function-entirety", the thesis contributes to the description, explanation and anticipation of the research object, namely, the SCO. The thesis has 5 chapters:Chapter one, the geopolitical analysis of the SCO. It's the analysis of the spatial dimension of the SCO. I defined the geopolitical region of the SCO. Seeing the SCO as an entire system, I analyzed the great changes of the international relations and geopolitics after the Cold War, and the strategic status and the geopolitical structure of the Euro-Asian region, and the geopolitical strategy of the big powers. It supplies the basis of international circumstances and geopolitics for further study of the SCO.Chapter two, the history of the SCO. It's an analysis of the temporal dimension of the SCO. The SCO has been through the development from multilateral meeting mechanism to regional organization, from the issue of military trust and disarmament at the border to the international cooperation of anti-terrorism and economy, from the mechanism of Shanghai Five Meeting in 1996 to the foundation of the SCO in 2001, which is an incessant process of deep and all-around development. I analyzed emphatically the process of the construction of the SCO's mechanism and the structure and characteristics of the mechanism. The development of the SCO is the unity of phases and continuity. Through the investigation of the development of the SCO phase by phase, I sequentially summarized the characteristics of respective phase and revealed the internal rules of this process.Chapter three, the security cooperation of the SCO. The cooperation of security is an important field of cooperation for the SCO. With the logic of the"Necessity-configuration-Implement"of the security cooperation, this chapter analyzed the security motives and challenges which promoted the foundation of the SCO, demonstrated the SCO's idea of security and the framework and practice of the cooperaton in the field of security. I asserted that there is a variety of traditional and nontraditional challenges and threats in the Euro-Asian region, therefor, strengthening the cooperation of security is an important task of the SCO.Chapter four, the SCO's economic cooperation. The economies of the members of the SCO are complementary, the cooperation of energy resources, communication, trade, investment, technology and humanity have a wide prospect. The development and flourishing of the Euro-Asian region is also a basic safeguard of the regional peace and stability. I demonstrated the SCO's principles and goals in short term, mid term and long term, and the regulation and steps of the free trade region as a longterm goal. I systematically analyzed the SCO's plan of economic cooperation and the approaches and mechanics to realize it. I emphasized that the approaches of regional economic cooperation should be the extending from the bilateral to multilateral cooperation in the region. I analyzed the situation and problem in the cooperations of energy and communication, and discussed the idea of making the cooperations of energy and communication as the priority in the development.Chapter five, the SCO's prospects and countermeasures. According to the logic of the"Problem-Countermeasure"and"Prospect-Value Implication", I analyzed the existing problems of the SCO, including the problems of implement of the covenants, the extending of the organization and the lag of the cooperation in the field of humanity. As for the prospects, I demonstrated that the goals of the SCO in the foreseeable future should be the satisfying of the strategic needs, improving the mutual development and introducing the harmony. And, keeping the stability, deepening the economic cooperation and developing cultural exchange should be the systematic projects of the development of the SCO, and that they should be mutually coordinated and improved. I initiately gave applicable suggestions to resolve the problems at present and to achieve the goals of the development.Above all, the study of the SCO in the geopolitical perspective is not only important for theory but also for the practice. Methodologically, the geopolitical perspective is mainly embodied in the thinking which is complete, systematic, pluralistic and strategic. It sees the geological space of the SCO as a whole, discusses its comprehensive characteristics, and analyze the SCO's inner structure and functions systematically. The geopolitical relation is one of the reasons for the nation's diplomatic decision-making, and the national interest is an obvious character of the geopolitics. And I investigated the nations'strategic thinking of enhancing their national interest through the geopolitical relation.The thesis emphasized China as a subject. I try to study the SCO based on Chinese perspective and method, which reflect Chinese value.