Administrative Accountability Mechanism

The central government took many measures in time to control the spreading of"the SARS"thoroughly after this crisis broke out in our country in 2003. One of these measures was to recall the minister Zhou Wenkang of the sanitation department and the mayor Meng Xuenong of the Beijing city which were responsible to the crisis as well as others of the time. The deposing of two dignitaries at provincial and ministerial level by the central government because of one big accident arising from their negligence brought a lot of attention of mangy people inside and outside China including the sphere of learning. Then, the mechanism of administrative accountability became the hot topic in the development of the democratic politics and the reforming of the administrative system in our country. Motivation to construct the mechanism of administrative accountability is to promote the building of the responsibility government and to realize the surveillance and restriction to the administrative power. The thorough research of the mechanism of administrative accountability as the great theoretical and practicing significance regarding the advancing of carrying out the viewpoint of scientific development thoroughly, the building of the harmonious socialism community, the development of the democracy and the enriching of the surveillance and restriction theory to the power.This dissertation takes the Marxism-Leninism, the Mao Zedong Thought, Deng Xiaoping Theory and the important thought of"The Three Represents"as the instruction and is according to the requirement of carrying out the viewpoint of scientific development thoroughly, and aiming at the problems arisen from the practice of the administrative accountability, this paper analyses the reasons, put up scientific system arrangement and establishes the mechanism of administrative accountability suiting the characters of Chinese political system thoroughly from the perspective of the surveillance and restriction to the administrative power in democracy. This paper is composed of the foreword, main text and a brief summary.Chapter one mainly sets forth the great significance of researching the mechanism of administrative accountability combining with the practice and analyses the main researching fruit, known viewpoints and differences, the problems in foregone research and the appraisals to it and introduces the basic train of thoughts, the key, the difficulty, the innovation as well as the main research methods such as dialectical materialism and historical materialism, system study, comparative study, public policy and literature etc adopted by this paper. Chapter two elaborates the basic concept and the basic theory of the mechanism of administrative accountability. This mechanism is a method of the surveillance and restriction to the administrative power in which the subject of the administrative accountability restrictedly calls for governors to interpret and reasonably vindicate the administrative decisions, the administrative behaviors and the administrative results and accept the punishment for being be irresponsible for the duty according to the legal process and rule in the modern democracy. It includes five key elements which are the subject, the object, the matters, the measures and the responsibility types. The mechanism of administrative accountability refers some basic principles including society contract theory, limited government theory, relating administrative theory, surveillance and restriction to the public power theory, new institutionalism theory and responsibility government theory which are the theoretical stones to construct the mechanism.Chapter three sees about domestic and foreign system of administrative accountability, namely sees about the method to construct the mechanism of administrative accountability in three respects in domestic and foreign countries of ancient and modern time: analyzing and studying the comparatively perfect mechanism of administrative accountability of foreign countries, analyzing and studying the system of dignitaries accountability in Hongkong of china, analyzing and studying the differences and the relations between ancient"mechanism of administrative accountability"and modern one. Motivation to see about the three contents is to supply useful inspiration for constructing modern Chinese mechanism of administrative accountability.Chapter four sets forth the development of modern Chinese system of administrative accountability mainly analyzing the historical skeleton from the thought of administrative accountability to the practice for constructing responsibility government since the new China came into existence, emphasizing the reason that the problem of the administrative accountability emerges in new time of China, dissertating the great significance to carry out the construction of the mechanism of administrative accountability, analyzing and studying the main problems in the practice of our country's administrative accountability development.Chapter five and chapter six analyze the tactics to construct the mechanism of administrative accountability: outline the basic principle which make power and duty unanimous, make the government affairs open and apparent, combine responsibility types with each other and apply to the practice of administrative accountability; strengthen the subjects of administrative accountability to realize the combination of accountability in one organization and in different organizations and to shape composition of forces of accountability; make clear the object of administrative accountability and distinguish the decision-maker, the executor and the supervisor effectively and combine the accountability before the affair happens, in the course of the affair and after the affair happened; establish especially daily type contents of accountability and combine the administrative accountability and the administrative performance evaluation; perfect the ways of administrative accountability and realize the administrative accountability institutionalized and standardized and combine the openness of the governments'affairs and the administrative accountability; amplify the types of the administrative accountability including political responsibility, lawful responsibility, administrative responsibility and moral responsibility and establish the standardizing restoration mechanism to ensure the authority of the mechanism of administrative accountability.In the part of the brief summary, this paper emphasizes the correct orientation to the mechanism of administrative accountability which is different from the mechanism of objecting corruption in the way of surveillance and restriction to the administrative power radically. Meanwhile, it should distinguish and cooperate from other mechanism of surveillance and restriction to the administrative power. This paper nails down the aim of the mechanism of administrative accountability is to establish the responsible government to serve the people and to answer for the people. It also emphasizes that China should realize the mechanism of public power accountability from the mechanism of administrative accountability along with the lucubrating of the theoretical study and the practical development and brings forward advises for the continue study of the mechanism of administrative accountability.