National Guarantee And Social Support: Research On The Survival Path Of Chinese University Students

Various survey data demonstrate that the current issue of Chinese university students are serious, not only "poor second generation" issues, as well as the recent "rich second generation" issues, but also campus "wealth gap". The "poor second generation" problem is usually concerned about the problems of poor students in Universities. There're a large number of poor students in Chinese universities, their study and families are affected because of poverty, even committing crimes because of poverty... and the "rich second generation" issue is an emerging problem in Chinese campus, and can not be ignored. Along with "poor second generation" and "rich second generation" co-existence, "wealth gap" has emerged in Chinese campus, mainly reflected in relations between university students. Because those gaps appear in one classroom, or in one dorm room, so the hidden dangers of conflict more than the dangers of "wealth gap" in social.There are a series of problems in the survival paths of Chinese university students, which makes clear design that the systems have problems. The author found that the basic characteristics of the current survival path of Chinese university students is:the family path have no legal status, and the national/social path far from perfect. That is, on the one hand, Chinese university students do not rely on the family path, on the other hand, the national/social paths providing assistance for Chinese university students are far from perfect. Such arrangements, in-the social security system, the rights of Chinese university students in social security are ignored; the proportion of cost sharing arrangements for higher education do not meet China's national conditions, the government share the cost too few and students share too much; in the state loan system, Chinese university students did not have been as an adult citizen. In addition, Chinese university students' work-studying and donor are still have some obvious problems.Right of social security is a citizen's basic right, Chinese university students should have the basic rights. Chinese university students generally are adults, their parents do not have the the statutory responsibilities to support them; Chinese university students have to study, and have no self-survival time and energy; Chinese university students'domicile have been moved out, and cannot be included in the original urban or rural social security system. Therefore, it is necessary to build and improve the social security system of university students to ensure the basic right of university students.In addition, we should implement a reasonable share of the cost of higher education, which the government should assume a greater part, and the students'sharing part should not exceed 25%.However, the lack of Chinese government investment in education has failed to meet internationally recognized accounting for 4% of GDP, which leading to that students have to take a heavy burden. If this sharing model could be maintained in the "elite education" context because the higher education is still relatively high rate of returning, then, in the context of popular higher education, the rate of higher education returning significantly reduced, especially in China, "university Enrollment" and the development of higher education are not in balance of the economic development, multiple factors such as the financial crisis caused by the difficult employment situation of university students, Chinese government must assume more of higher education costs, lower fees, reduce the burdens of students.In the costs of higher education that university students should be burdened, we should also be considering the way of burdening. Students are "adult" on legal age and their economy still "minor". They are legal adults, the law does not protect, in fact, should not be relying on their parents; but they can not own money to solve the university tuition fees. In this case, it is particularly important to arrange the national and social assistance model of university studengts basing on the external benefits of higher education. China's current system of students include award, assistance, loans, reducing and other types, but they are pros and cons, and needed to be adjusted. National Student Loan System ties the adult university students and their families together, only for the "poor university students", it has many drawbacks, and it should be open to more university students.Basing on the purpose of training people, basing on the "learning contexts" theory, we need to take further measures to improve the work-study. In addition, Chinese universities graduate students, there are a special problem:many graduate students pay a lot of research work, however, they do not get reasonable returns. To this end, we need to reform teacher-student relationship, especially the relationship between graduate students and instructors, constraints or cancel the power of instructors on management.Contributions for education is very important. However, contributions of higher education in China is very backward, charitable resources are not proper training. The reasons are complex. At present, the development of Chinese education charity need reformment of the system. Because alumni donor contributions in the whole education has an absolute advantage in the ratio, so Chinese universities need to focus on the cultivation of charity resources, alumni concerns. At present, the priority is to improve the teacher-student relationship to improve the school and alumni relations.