Research On TFP Of Higher Education And Growth Patterns Optimization In China

Research on TFP of Higher Education and Growth Patterns Optimization in ChinaThe 21st century is a new era of knowledge economy, modern science andtechnology turns into the most active factor and important driving force for economicand social development. The people who promote the development of science andtechnology, master of science and technology play a role must be educated. Thedevelopment of higher education can continue to advance science and technologydevelopment, further promote economic and social development. In the knowledgeeconomy, national level of education turns into basis for a country to seize theinitiative in international competition. As a base for knowledge innovation andpersonnel training, higher education is the foundation to maintain nationalcompetitiveness. Economy and society can develop sustainably and long-term, only ifimproving the quality universally.Since reform and opening up, China has made considerable higher educationdevelopment, higher education, quality of personnel training and scientific researchlevel have been significantly improved, higher education's contribution to the socialand economic development growing.With the continuous development of science andtechnology, higher education in economic development task more onerous challengesfacing the increasingly serious.And China's large population, a serious shortage ofinvestment in education, infrastructure and teaching staff can not meet the needs ofthe construction, education, philosophy, training model and management system ofhigher education there are many problems.This paper proceeds research on TFP of higher education, and discuss the basictheory and methods, structure the research system,using multivariate statisticalanalysis, econometrics,educational economics and other relevant theories and researchmethods, with the national higher education system as a reference system.Structuremeasurement model of TFP of higher education, measure Chinese TFP of highereducation from the empirical point, integrate flexibility of thought into TFP of highereducation, analyse the output elasticity of input factors,and make feasible way tooptimize countermeasures.for the development and growth of TFP of higher education.Proceed research on TFP of higher education and its growth pattern from the micro and macro perspective, the one hand, fill the gaps in the field of TFP of highereducation study, structure the research system for TFP of higher education,the otherhand,provide feasible advice for government departments to establish highereducation development strategy.Therefore, this research has a strong theoretical andpractical significance.This paper has three parts,the first part is theoretical research,the second part isempirical research,and the third part is suggestions.Part 1: Theoretical research is the basis of this paper,and also is support to furtherresearch.1. Analyse and expatiate relevant theory of TFP of higher education. Productivitytheory,including definition and development productivity, productivity connotation,extension and measure; human capital theory, including the human capital of thedefinition, classification, characteristics, functions, human capital and humanresources relations;. Theory of educational resources, including educational resources,content and features, the concept of educational resources, methods, and highereducation resources of the meaning and characteristics; Education Contribution toeconomic growth.Both qualitative and quantitative analysis of two parts.2.Study on TFP of higher education and growth patterns theory.introduce thebasic concepts of education, higher education, productivity,educationalproductivity,analyze the difference and relation between educational productivity,educational efficiency and rates of return to education;Secondly, the definition of theconcept of higher productivity, higher productivity of the essence, characteristics,influence factors; Finally, the definition of the concept of higher productivity growth,higher productivity by type.Higher productivity measure for the elasticity of inputfactors and the theoretical basis.Part 2: Empirical study.This part is the key points and difficult points of thispaper, coming to the research perspectives of this paper,and it is the core of this paper.1.Design index system of TFP of higher education, select 22 measurementindicators. from the point of input and output of higher education, follow theconstruction principles of Index System of TFP of higher education.Merge directoutput and input variables of TFP of higher education into direct output index andinput index by way of weighting, combined with the definition of TFP of highereducation,based atomistic method, and then calculate the ratio of them to obtain TFPof higher education. 2.Proceed an empirical analysis on TFP of higher education, using principalcomponent analysis, with the input and output data of higher education 1995-2006.The results show that the level of higher education input had increased constantly,andthe average growth rate is 13.68%,with higher education input increasing, the level ofhigher education input had increased too,with the average growth rate of 11.47%.Since 1995, direct TFP of China higher education has fluctuated overall, increasedfirst and then decreased.it had improved constantly with the average growth rate of6% 1995-1999,and reach the maximum in 1999. Since 1999, it started to drop, from1.264 in 1999, dropped to 0.805 in 2006, down by as much as 50%.3.Calculate the contribution to economic growth rate (contribution amount) ofhigher education using Denison factor analysis,and measure indirect TFP of Chinahigher education, combined with indirect higher productivity measurement model.The results show that higher education's contribution to economic growth presentsupward trend 1991-2008,and annual average economic growth of higher educationcontribution rate is 0.81%, there are 0.088 percentage point higher contribution in ouraverage annual GDP growth rate of 10.91%. Although the contribution of highereducation to economic growth has increased for over ten years, there is still a widegap compared with developed countries.Since 1991, indirect productivity fluctuationsof higher education, the overall increasing trend.Indirectly on the productivity ofHigher Education 1991-2008 average annual growth rate 2.9 percentage points, in linewith higher productivity growth Slowly features. The quality of the outputs of highereducation is slow, personnel training and scientific research can not be effectivelycombined with the social and material production, higher output ultimately limitedcontribution to economic growth, resulting in low productivity of higher educationindirectly.4. Establish higher education production function,build input factors outputelasticity model of TFP of higher education,with Human and capital investment asproduction factor and the contribution of higher education to economic growth asoutput. Proceed regression analysis of higher educational input and outputusingstepwise regression based related data 1991-2008. The results show that the influenceof human input to TFP of higher education is greatest among all of the input factors ofhigher education,and expenditure and fixed assets investment's impact are notsignificant.Part 3:Solutions Study.This part is the end of this paper,presenting countermeasure to optimize growth patterns of TFP of higher education.This section includes four aspects. firstly, change the ideas, promote theindustrial development of higher education, specific measures including change theconcept of higher education,establish higher education industry outlook,transformgovernment functions,strengthen the autonomy of university education, improve thehigher education market, improve the market competition mechanismï¼›secondly,improve higher education funding system, to establish a diversified investmentmechanism, specific measures including increase government investment in highereducation and optimize the state institutions of higher education funding model andmanagement, create a good environment to encourage and guide private highereducation;thirdly, allocate higher education resources rationally to improve theefficiency of resource allocation, specific measures including insist the marketmanagement philosophy, social and market demand by schools, deep the internalmanagement system, optimize the allocation of human resources, and establisheffective financial management view;fourthly, strengthen the service function ofhigher education to adapt society, specific measures including improve the quality ofoutput of higher education to meet the social and economic development, attention toteaching, to ensure that students develop quality.Although this study has theoretical significance and practical guidingsignificance, enslaved to personal research capacity, research conditions, and the rushof time, the scope of this study is relatively narrow, only make a general idea andframework for the study on TFP of higher education,and the aspects of judge criterionfor growth patterns and trends of TFP of higher education needs to be studied in depthin future.