The Realization Of The University Autonomy Under The Decentralization Of Government

The path of higher education development at home and abroad, university autonomy is not only a historical, theoretical and the issue of globalization, but also a realistic, practical and global problem. Incentives in today's international competition, it reveals the deeper meaning and a richer content, therefore, it is a new topic of higher education, and also the core of the current national higher education reform and focus .The implementation of the autonomy of university has always been the dominant mode of government under decentralization; it is the logic of the autonomy of university to achieve the prerequisite requirement. Therefore, this article attempts to "Government Decentralization" this "new" visual, the use of different disciplines, such as political science, economics, law, management, education and sociology of knowledge to discuss the implementation of the field of university autonomy the "old" problem. Separation of powers under the current government get out of the hardship suffered by University of autonomy, we must begin with changes in the power structure of our society, the characteristics of political and economic systems, the Government's role, and the history and the reality universityautonomy,breaking the previous government has been The value of the right to limit university autonomy, with new analysis tools - governance theory beyond market-oriented criticism and theory of university autonomy source - the new public management theory, based on reconstruction of the value of university autonomy, to management relationship between the government and university, reinventing Government and the role and functions of the University position, and accordingly the specific institutional arrangements and design, market-oriented university autonomy to counteract the negative effects of return to the true culture of the University to enhance the status of the academic subject that the academic-based University to be truly independent. This is the practical significance of this study and the value.Next , the summarizations about the paper :Chapterâ… , Introduction. Of the problem presented to study the significance of the theoretical expectations and reality, research status, research ideas and frameworks, research methods and innovations.Chapterâ…¡, the definition of University autonomy. First, define the meaning of university autonomy, it is the universities and other educational institutions enjoyed in law, in order to achieve its mission, independent management of the education and teaching, the implementation of activities in education and teaching managements and abilities. University of autonomy at home and abroad and then a summary of the classification obtained autonomy of university should include all aspects related to the content of university education, including colleges and universities to determine their academic and professional settings, course construction and development, and degree qualifications recognized and awarded, enrollment training, appointment and dismissal of personnel, international exchanges and cooperation, funding and other aspects of access to power and domination. Analysis of the university autonomy and the last of Independent, university autonomy, the relationship between academic freedom.Chapterâ…¢, the comparison of historical evolution of the comb about Autonomy University. the history this chapter is based on historical institutionalism, first it divides into five stages of the Western developed countries, sorts of history of university autonomy, followed the evolution of the history of university autonomy sub-modern, modern and contemporary three hours to make a comb. In this chapter, the University of Western countries and the autonomy of a comparative analysis, on the one hand, both the path of evolution in the autonomy of the university autonomy, there is a big difference on the basis of the political culture; the other hand, Western countries and the history of the evolution of university autonomy between the two has fully proved the obvious similarities, the impact of the government is the dominant factor in the evolution of university autonomy.Chapterâ…£, the influence of decentralization on university autonomy. First, the traditional bureaucratic model to trace the reasons for failure, that the government's financial, management and legitimacy crisis, globalization, the information technology revolution, the private sector model and the third sector development and growth as the starting point,reinventing presented a new paradigm - separation of powers, and analyzed the meaning of separation of powers, advantages, type, form and theory, and the level of theory and practice demonstrates the core value of separation of powers - the market-oriented. With the government decentralization reform, the University of Governments to relax the control of the restructure the relationship with the university to implement and expand the autonomy of universities, university autonomy given to schools in the independent legal status. The higher education reform all the countries are centered on how to expand the autonomy of universities expanded, university autonomy has become a kind of universal higher education policy discourse, as governments in the decentralization of university organization paradigm, a new position, is the self-management of government decentralization policy as a public sector universities of the specific application. Thus, this chapter analyzes the government decentralization movement based on the value of university autonomy, substance and its theoretical origin, obtained the substance of the autonomy of universities - the market standard, the new public management market metaphor embodied in the field of higher education . Government Decentralization and further explore the relationship between university autonomy: the autonomy of universities in the orientation of the orientation of Government Decentralization and the form of synchronic time from the total, ie, from horizontal to government and market, social relations and vertical realignment of the management system within the Government two dimensions of reform proceed were discussed in the United States, France, Britain, Germany and Japan developed five typical government decentralization reform, higher education management system, and tap the governments of these countries decentralization orientation on university autonomy orientation constraints and impact; duration, ie, the autonomy of universities reform the government instruction in a period of expansion of the government institutional reform at the same time, changing functions, decentralization must reflect.Chapterâ…¤, Examining the reality of university autonomy on the market-oriented. First, analyze the reasons of the marketzational trap of the Chinese university from the external and internal factors, external factors are economic globalization, fueled by the World Bank, as well as the security administration, official position and grade of the existing system is a typical phenomenon of the Government Standard relationship model; internal factors are the financial crisis of higher education and universities lack the power of their own academic subject. On this basis, from the macro, meso and micro levels of China's market-oriented to reflect the autonomy of universities - the macro level, the Government and the market has become dominated by the main body of the dual development of the University, reform of higher education emphasized government intervention in the Meanwhile, the market as a constraint to the other dominant force in higher education. With congenital defects and acquired dysplasia of the University of the baptism of the market under the impact of lost the essence of university education, education ideals gone, vulgar utilitarianism popular, academic corruption, education, corruption, unequal access to education, University education has become very "economic tool." Meso-level, academic power restricts the executive power, academic power "marginalized." Micro-level, professional autonomy of teachers is constrained; the students exaggerated the status of unlimited access to education and inequality, rapid expansion of the power management. Finally, explores the profound difficulty of university autonomy in the implementation of the four roots: cultural inertia, the Government of expediency, the legal and institutional bottlenecks vacant.Chapterâ…¥, governance, university autonomy under the Theory of implementation. Market-based of the government decentralization is a specific and deadly impact of the development of our country placed in an awkward position the University: the frequency in response to the government and the market demand, and the development of the University's own logic - of university autonomy and academic freedom in the "barren" state. To solve the dilemma encountered by the University, the key is still from the present situation of the government. Therefore, the Government should be from a new theoretical dimension - governance theory, the theory of separation of powers by updating the basis for the government to reconstruct the value orientation of university autonomy, to management relationship between the government and universities, the University of Reinventing Government and the roles and functions positioning, market-oriented university autonomy to counteract the negative effects, and accordingly of University Autonomy reconstruction of external and internal system designs to enhance the dominant position of the university's academic, academic-based universities to be truly independent. Among them, the Government's main financial system from two aspects of rule of law and build the University's external system management; from the University of employing methods and systems start as nurture the spirit of academic freedom, the first inner core of the university system.