Study On University Students' Exercise Promotion

Students'physical conditions have been weakening today while physical exercises are seriously insufficient, measures must be taken to promote their sport and exercise behaviors. Behavior science theory models have been applied to the practice of sport and exercise promotion. In reality, individual behaviors are definitely affected mutually by such interweaving factors as social culture and actual circumstances. Therefore, based on sensible interpretation of relationship and effectiveness between people and environment, improving environment as well as conducting some policy intervention should be an important way to promote sport and exercise and improve students' health. This research designed to find out the influences of social environment factors on the college students'sport and exercise behaviors and the effects of policy and organized system, and to put forward some theory guide and practical way for the further promotion of the college students' sport and exercise behaviors.Under the framework of health behavior ecology model, this research is conducted within Beijing University. The methods of literature, comprehensive students interviews and experts consulting are used to find out the dominant factors. And questionnaire is used to survey and examine the data. Then the measurement tool is designed and tested for the effective factors of college students'sport and exercise behaviors. Consequently, students'sport and exercise behaviors can be explained, and the resulting theory can be a guide for intervention promotion. Through the questionnaire investigation on the actual college students' sport and exercise behavior, the effective factors of college students' behavior can be fully comprehended. Comparisons are made between the effects of school management policy change and those of sport community, both of which make up important social environment factors.The findings show that the questionnaire on the effects of colleges students'sport and exercise behaviors consists of inclination factor, promotion factor and intensification factor, and is provided with credibility and validity. Beijing University students spending less than 1.5 hours each week on sport and exercise, account for 67.4%. And those less than 3 times reach to 75.5%. For the reasons not to engage in sport and exercise activities, the first three are as below:short of time, 32%, inertia,25%, lack of companion,19%. Students in those classes, which using two-level and 100-point to calculate the scores of PE according to the regulation of school management, show significant difference in attendance rates and 12-min running performance, while those using 100-point method are rather higher than two-level system. As members of sport community, students controlled as assistant variables, show higher score in physical condition test and much more time spend on sport and exercise than those of average students, who are not members of sport community. Considerable differences are also found in these aspects between different types of sport communities.The conclusion is that the questionnaire on the effects of colleges students' sport and exercise behaviors is provided with acceptable credibility and validity, in accordance with psychology test standards. The questionnaire also illustrates that the health behavior ecology model can be applied in the field of sport and exercise. Beijing University students' sport and exercise involvement is insufficient and students' sport and exercise behavior need effective promotion in general. School management policy and regulation can consequently affect college students' sport and exercise behavior, which is an effective way. Sport community shows positive effects to promote sport and exercise behavior and improve health, it is an effective way especially among the college student groups.