On The Public Governance Of Rural Adult Education In The Context Of Urban-rural Overall Planning

Adult education is an important form of continuing education and is an important part of the lifelong learning system of our country. Rural adult education can help to achieve individual changes of the populace of the countryside, such changes may be on the thinking and spiritual level or on the intelligence and technological level. Seeing from educational functions, adult education plays a great part in achieving the objective of political, economic and cultural development of the society. However, the present development of adult education of our country is facing the awkward situation of being weakened even being ignored:on the one hand, the importance of adult education to the development of the country and society is recognized by the society; on the other hand, the country and society have not provided strong support to the development of adult education so that it has developed slowly. Especially in rural areas, the weakening of adult education is extremely outstanding. The current situation is seriously out of line with the requirement for high-quality adult education of social development of our country.The development of rural adult education is an important part of urban-rural overall development, and effective governance is the major guarantee for the development of rural adult education. Therefore, in the progress of urban-rural overall development, it is necessary for us to think and resolve such series of problems as how exactly to realize the effective governance of rural adult education, what duties and responsibilities should different social subjects take in public governance of rural adult education, how to mobilize forces other than government authorities to participate in the public governance of rural adult education, etc. This is not only the requirement of urban-rural overall development, but also the requirement of the development of adult education itself.By setting Chongqing as the state pilot zone for urban-rural overall development, we explored the governance for rural adult education of our country in the new historic period, which will be of certain significance to both the theory and the practice of rural adult education. Drawing on the perspective of public product, by means of questionnaire surveys, interviews and comparative studies, etc. and synthetically applying the public governance theories, social justice theories, we conducted an analysis on rural adult education, in the hope of being able to provide a new theoretical perspective for the management of rural adult education in the urban-rural overall progress, expand the space for theoretical exploration of the developmental problems of rural adult education, attempt to construct a multivariate interactive multi-subject mode of governance for adult education of our country especially rural adult education, provide a more open and more dynamic mechanism for breaking through the difficult situation of current development of rural adult education, and also provide theoretical supports for urban-rural overall development. The whole paper is divided into seven parts:Introduction Introduces the reasons for subject selection, defines the basic concepts, sorts through and summarizes the research status and existing problems concerning urban-rural overall planning and public governance, presents the basic design of the research such as basic problems, key and difficult points, thoughts and methods, significance and innovation, etc.Chapter 1 The Connotation of Public Governance of Rural Adult Education Explains "What is public governance of rural adult education", mainly discusses the attributes of rural adult education as a public product, the basic idea of public governance and the basic connotation of public governance of rural adult education. Rural adult education is an education product with the basic attributes of a public product, which caters to adult learners in the rural areas and the whole or part of the costs of which is borne by the government. Public governance of rural adult education is an important medium for education freedom and fairness, an involvement of multi-subjects and a flexible mechanism. Specifically, public governance of rural adult education should improve the governance mode by adopting the philosophy of service administration, increase efficiency of governance by introducing the idea of market contract, expand the scope of subjects to achieve multiple involvement and redefine the status of the involving subjects to identify their respective responsibilities.Chapter 2 Rational Pursuit of Public Governance of Rural Adult Education in the Context of Urban-rural Overall Planning Elaborates on the basic value pursuit of public governance of rural adult education according to the basic idea and planning of urban-rural overall planning. In the progress of urban-rural overall development, public governance of rural adult education should promote city and countryside integration through the promotion of reform of household registration system and urbanization; push forward the transformation and development of the countryside by promoting improvement of economic conditions of rural households, transformation of the society and the mass in the countryside, the development and distribution of rural human resources; promote education fairness according to the principles of equal rights, equality of opportunity, different status and disadvantage compensation.Chapter 3 Survey of the Present Situation of Public Governance of Rural Adult Education in the Context of Urban-rural Overall Planning Conducts investigations on the present situation of public governance of rural adult education in the progress of urban-rural overall planning by means of questionnaire surveys and interviews, etc., and summarizes the basic characteristics of present situation of public governance of rural adult education. Studies the present situation of public governance of rural adult education in the aspects of actual operation, social functions, individual functions, educational opportunities, social supports, learning desire and practical difficulties, etc. At present, public governance of rural adult education is in a low state of operation, with weakened social functions and individual functions, lack of educational opportunities, and is facing considerable difficulties.Chapter 4 Analysis of Predicaments of Public Governance of Rural Adult Education in the Context of Urban-rural Overall Planning Presents the major predicaments of public governance of rural adult education in our country, analyzes the management failure of the government departments in public governance of rural adult education and the various reasons causing the predicaments. At present, public governance of rural adult education is confronted with the predicament of unilateral supply from the government and is extremely lacking in effective involvement of other social forces. In turn, unilateral supply leads to management failure which has caused that the decision-making mechanisms of public governance of rural adult education is imperfect, the efficiency of governance is not high and the quality of governance is low. The causes behind the predicaments include:old-fashioned ideas have led to the weakening and marginalization of rural adult education, the indicator system of social development has produced some adverse guidance, deficiency of mechanisms for social forces involvement has brought about unfavorable influence, and insufficiency of education funds has restricted the choice of the educational departments.Chapter 5 Multivariate Mechanism of Public Governance of Rural Adult Education in the Context of Urban-rural Overall Planning Attempts to construct a multivariate primary structure for public governance of rural adult education, and elaborates on the mechanism of public governance of rural adult education with the involvement of government departments, subjects of market and social organizations, etc. Government departments are the optimum subjects of public governance of rural adult education who should produce public products for rural adult education in various ways and manage the distribution and consumption of the public products for rural adult education. Meanwhile, we should bring into full play the motivations of the subjects of market and social organizations to participate in the public governance of rural adult education, introduces the market and quasi-market mechanisms into the field of public products for rural adult education with direct investment by the government, formulate a benign and interactive mechanism for cooperation and competition between the multi-subjects, reduces the stress of unilateral supply from the government, and improve the quality and efficiency of public governance of rural adult education.Chapter 6 Practice Strategies for Public Governance of Rural Adult Education in the Context of Urban-rural Overall Planning Proposes the practice strategies for public governance of rural adult education in the progress of urban-rural overall planning by considering the aspects of perfecting the government functions of public governance of rural adult education, carrying out projectized operation, enhancing education services for the labor migration population, carrying forward the innovation of public services of rural adult education, etc. In specific:perfect the dialogue and decision-making mechanisms, increase financial input, strengthen standardized management; carry out projectized operation, stick to the basic principle of public choice, coordinate the relationship between the project implementing subjects, improve the quality of the projects; reinforce training to labor migration population with low level of literacy; and push forward the continuous innovation of public services of rural adult education from the aspects of form of teaching, teaching content and project design, etc.