The Evolution And Development Of Social Management System After The Founding Of New China

After founding, new china established a highly centralized system of planning system and controlled the society by this means. Since the reform and opening up, especially since the 90s of last century, china has experienced a rapid transformation. In the period, economic reform led to a relatively autonomous social formation, which has brought social structure differentiation, interests diversity, needs diversity, social heterogeneity, social inequality, social conflicts and so on. However, the current social management system is built on the basis of the traditional administrative management system. So there is not enough flexibility to handle the social environment. There, how to keep the balance between the social order and social forces by reforming the social management is a strategic issue. There is not deep reflection and research in academia. In view of this, this paper follows the guidelines of " Macro focus, micro-start", mainly takes the evolution of social management system as the object, to analyze the evolution of social management system, the law of its evolution, and the internal mechanism of dynamic mechanism of it, to find the innovation and feasible path.The research object of the paper is the evolution of social management system after the founding of new china. However, the author is more concerned about the laws behind it, and hopes to give a theoretical description to find the innovation and feasibility path of social management system. Qian Mu once said:"the research on system shouldn't only system itself, should study all the facts associated with the system." Social management system in china is a type of system, however, it also reflects specific economic and social situation. Different political, economic and social situation has a deep impact on social management system. The evolution of social management system in china is in the background of transformation. Before the reform, the social management system in china is based on the social structure of national unified. Since the reform and opening up, the social structure is gradually to "state, market, social" ternary structure. This affects the evolution of social management system and development profoundly. But the differentiation of social structure doesn't mean the confrontation of "state, market, society". Therefore, taking ternary interaction of "state, marker, society" as the perspective of the paper provides the basic routes of analysis and the basic path of innovation about social management system in modern china.We must conduct in-depth reflection on our social management system to find the law of social management system evolution, and the obstacle of innovation, in order to find a feasible path for the reform and innovation of social management system in modern society. After the founding of new china, the social management system through three stages:the administrative unification, the loosening of administrative and governance. The social management system of administrative unification stage mainly appears before reform. The main characteristic is central premise, government as the main feature almighty, which controls the entire society through the hierarchy of organizational system, top-down operating mechanism. This kind of system involves strong color of planning and value orientation. It also affects the social management system in modern china. After the reforms, the diversification of social interests and a variety of social problems along with the deepening of economic reform and social development, the image of the state is challenged. In order to meet the increasingly complex social situation, the state has continued separating the power of the government. Thus, the social structure is gradually to "state, market, social" ternary structure. The administrative unification system has been loosening. In the period, there is collide, conflict, and assimilation in the old and new systems. In this process, the old system gradually fades, and the new system gradually plays a role in social management. In short, in this stage government gradually decentralize the power, the social management system is loosening. Government controls society and provides service by the adaptation of the social management organization system and operational mechanism. New era, the social management system is to governance. In this period, state, market and society have been connected by the network of the organizational system, multiple operating mechanism. The pattern of "party leadership, government responsibility, social cooperation, public participation" is the direction of guidance for social management system in modern.The reason why there is different kind of social management system model is that there is various factors and different mechanism. The analysis of the mechanism of social management system is a necessary prerequisite for innovation of social management system. The dynamic mechanism of the social management system-evolution is a complex dynamic system, which contains structural elements, the historical process, and objective laws of its evolution. Among them, the structural elements include the value factors, the theoretical form elements, practical elements and the subject elements. The value elements mainly contain the "order and stability", "the fair and efficient" as well as "justice" as the core value-oriented. The theoretical form elements mainly contain "centralization and decentralization" and "polycentric governance" theory. The practical elements mainly contain the reality demands of multi-needs and multi-interests, social stability and social harmony. The subject elements mainly contain state, market, and society. After the founding of new china, the development of dynamic mechanism is divided into three stages:state promoting in order-stability oriented, state-market promoting in the fair and efficient oriented and state-market-society promoting in justice oriented. Different dynamic factors have different effects in different stages. Specific system mode is the outcome of effects of various factors. In china, because of the inadequate development of civil society, we should develop the social forces and social organizations to promote the social management system innovation and development.The evolution of social management system has its own unique course and regular features according its evolution. The social management system is from control to governance, from centralization to decentralization, from management to service. Human society has experienced an agricultural society, industrial society and post-industrial society. This corresponds to a rule-based governance, management, governance and service-oriented society governance. And different social management system reflects the different relations between the state and society. From the perspective, there is terra nullius social management mode, state-controlled social management mode, social participation in state management mode, the state-social cooperation mode, the state model of social coexistence and social self-government model. The pattern of "party leadership, government responsibility, social cooperation, public participation" has its own shortage. But based on it, social management in modern develops and to achieve the cooperation of state and society. In china, our system reforming is based on strong state-weak social circumstances, so we should transform government function, facilitate the communication in state, market, and social to realize governance.The profound understanding of the evolution law and dynamic mechanism of social management system benefits the reform and research of social management system. In china, there is more factors that obstructs the innovation of social management system, such as the traditional management ideas, the inertia of traditional reliance, the imperfect of china's current system of social management mechanism, the lack of substantive participation of social forces, and so on. Based on the analysis to the social management system in the paper, we takes that we should have a correct understanding of "state, market, society", transform government functions, reform the management system, training social forces, enhance social capacity of it self, and establish multi-cooperative network.