A Study On Balanced Development Of Fundamental Education In China

This dissertation focuses on balanced development of fundamental education. Its purpose is to make a systematical analyses of the development status of fundamental education in China from the end of last century to the beginning of this century, and to discuss the social effects of unbalanced development of fundamental education, and try to find out what reasons cause fundamental education to develop unevenly, and based on the above, to give some suggestions about how to promote fundamental education to develop evenly by policy making. Historical documentation is applied mainly in this study, and Philological research method and some research methods of Educational Economics are also used.The main contents and conclusions of this dissertation are as follows:In Chapter 1, we first give a definition of "balanced development of fundamental education". It is defined as "fundamental education develops harmoniously with other aspects of area development, and different areas and different schools also can help each other by reducing the differences between different areas or between different schools". Such a specific meaning is the basic point of this study. Based on this definition, some cognitive mistakes are clarified. Then we discuss the relationship among balanced development, educational equity, educational justice and educational efficiency. Lastly, we analyze why it is necessary and possible for fundamental education to realize balanced development.The main content of Chapter 2 is to make a macroscopical analysis of the reality status of fundamental education in our country. A lot of data is cited here to describe the differences among unborn areas, rural areas, different schools and people of between different social status. Then a conclusion can be drawn that the fundamental education in our country is in a quite unbalanced development status.In chapter 3, we analyze the social effect of unbalanced development of fundamental education. It is pointed out that the unbalanced development of education aims at partial profit and special social aim of special era. It has more and more negative impact on social development, region development, educational development and individual development after finishing its special historical mission.In Chapter 4, we analyze what reasons cause the fundamental education in China to develop unevenly. Firstly, there is some imparity in people's thought. Secondly, educational development policies are partial to developed areas, urban areas and highranked schools, which are responsible for such an unbalanced development status. Thirdly, public educational finance system is unreasonable in our country. Central government and provincial government commit too little outlay to balance the differences between different areas. Lastly, there are some problems during the process of implementation of educational policy and educational law and supervision of education investment, which hold back fundamental education from developing evenly to a great degree.Based on the above, Chapter 5 points out that educational finance system must be reformed firstly to promote fundamental education to develop evenly. Based on the foreign experience of educational investment activity and some experts and scholars' viewpoints, this dissertation provides some suggestions about how to reform the educational finance system in our country.Microcosmic policies and measures are also important for fundamental education to realize balanced development. In Chapter 6, the follow suggestions are given, such as rebuilding bad schools, building elementary school and high school according to certain standards, making teachers re-educating system consummate, and giving more help to those areas or people in bad situation.