Research On The Ministry Of Education Of Nanjing National Government And Its Administrative Institution

The education of Nanjing National Government was an important stage of the whole course in which China's education transformed from traditional to modern, and was also an important part of this course. Whether this transformation was smooth or not, it was greatly influenced by the organization and practical operation of the Ministry of Education, for the Ministry of Education was a center that commanded the education of the whole country. To study the Ministry of Education of Nanjing National Government specially, we can reveal the historical operation of the Ministry of Education from all sides, and it is helpful for us to understand the history visage of the education during the period of Nanjing National Government. Furthermore, we can comb the developmental venation of the Ministry of Education, analyze and sum up the experience and the lessons of the central educational administration. It can be undoubtedly used for reference by current educational administration.Directed by the ideology of historical materialism and dialectical materialism, to investigate the Ministry of Education of Nanjing National Government historically by using the theory of "path dependence" of institutional economics is the fundamental train of thought of this dissertation. Based on it, according to the principle of "the problem determines the method", the dissertation uses some other theories, such as the theory of power politics, the theory of administrative science, and so on, to assist the theory of "path dependence", and using them together to unscramble the Ministry of Education historically. About the methods of study, the dissertation mainly uses the method of historical documents, the method of comparison, the method of measurement analysis, etc., trying to study the operation of the Ministry of Education deeply and concretely.Chapter 1 mainly studies the history of the Ministry of Education, the change of educational leaders in different periods, and the main innovations of the Ministry of Education, and also chiefly discusses the contents of the following chapters. This studyand discussion offers a corresponding background, and also offers a whole outline for deeply investigating the operations of the Ministry of Education; Meanwhile, according to the principle of the unification of history and logic, the writer divides the development of the Ministry of Education and its system of educational administration into four periods, that is the founding period, the molding period, the altering period and the redressing period. The following chapters mainly keep to this train of thought, and concretely investigate the Ministry of Education itself and the relationship between the Ministry of Education and other branches step by step.From Chapter 2, the dissertation begins to investigate specially the Ministry of Education and some others aspects which is related to the Ministry of Education. Mainly based upon the in-group background of the Ministry of Education, in Chapter 2, the dissertation carefully analyses, contrasts and combs the organizational affiliation and the manners of decision-making of the Ministry of Education in different periods. On this basis, the dissertation clarifies the essence of the educational decision-making and its influence, furthermore, points out the historical inevitability of the educational system's turning from "path dependence" to "path lock-in". Firstly, started with the structure of the Ministry of Education itself, in Chapter 3, the dissertation comparatively analyses the organizations (standing body, organizations directly under the Ministry of Education, subsidiary body, and organizations established with other departments) of the Ministry of Education during different periods, expounds synthetically the organizations' functions, and analyses the authorized size of the Ministry of Education in different periods; secondly, in this chapter, the dissertation comparatively investigates the basic functions of the Ministry of Education, according to the aspects of legislation and organizing system, programming, funds and subsidy, academic encouragement, inspection and instruction, and educational guidance On this basis, the dissertation clarifies again the reasons and basis of the historical dividing of the Ministry of Education, and tries to find out the organizational reasons and the essence of educational administration's turning from efficient to inefficient and invalid. In Chapter 4, the dissertation firstly dissertates the character and sorts of the educational leagues briefly, then dissertates the conditions of the educational leagues in the period of Nanjing National Government, and analyses...