Ordinary High School Student Management Of Nanjing National Government Period Change Problem (1927-1949),

In the last years of Qing Dynasty, the secondary education system was introduced into China.In the process of establishing, developing and changing, the secondary education system had undergone a difficult and tortuous course. As the continuation of primary education and the preparation of higher education, ordinary middle schools occupied a very important position in Chinese modern education system. However, during the period of Republic of China,middle school students movements were frequently broken out and these students never wanted to learn. Because of this phenomenon, the government and education sector raised a new issues.that was how to make the management of ordinary middle schools students to be institutionalized and scientific. Since the Nanjing National Government was established in1927, China’s political, economic, cultural, and social develop environment had been changed. Reflecting in the problem about management of ordinary middle school students, that was " The Secondary School Act" issued by the National Government in1932and " The Secondary School Regulations"published by the Ministry of Education in1933,which not only pointed out the development direction for the management problems of middle school students in practice, but also laid the foundation for the management of change about the ordinary middle school students in three period:prewar(1927-1937),wartime(1937-1945),postwar (1945-1949).The research was divided into three periods which were pre-war, war and postwar It respectively demonstrated two angles, one was the establishment, adjustment and reform of macro-policy,the other was the discussion of results from the education sector with regard to the reform of ordinary middle school students management,which to show the bold attempt, the success and the failure,the gain and the loss on the change problem of middle school students management system.Then we could approach the relationship between the management reform of ordinary middle school students and political goals, economic level,cultural environment,social status,education management concepts and so on.This would provide the innovation and development of today’s school student management system a historical basis and source of inspiration. The three sections of this study were including The Boy Scout training, Middle school graduation examination, High school students career guidance issues; Loan system and public ownership, Middle school discipline problems, Middle school students mental health and psychological guidance; The selection for middle school students in war area, Public ownership and scholarship system. In the final of this research,it would sum up three conclusions:1. Ordinary high school students’thinking, learning, life and other factors were influenced by the party politics,which were along with the change of the political influence, showing up its characteristics from "the control" to "tighten control "then "unable to control " three stages;2. The education sector’s conclusions on the middle school students management problems were contrast with the facts:The theories were idealized and advanced,however the realities were difficult and unfeasible;3.The management systems of ordinary middle school students were often introduced from the west to China.They were impacted by "New Culture Movemenf" in the early and the Party politics in the late.In the localization process reflecting the change of the education management:The individualism advocating "Democracy" and "Freedom" turned to the collectivism emphasizing on "Discipline" and "Cooperation".