Curriculum Policy In Perspective Study

A new round of curriculum reform is undergoing in China, which will lead to the comprehensive reform in the entire fundamental education. This curriculum reform is a macroscopic decision-making system, and the importance of curriculum policy appears as the new round of curriculum reform goes further. The so-called curriculum policy refers to those documents creed and behavior principle issued and executed by national education department in some certain social order and education scope to adjust the various needs of curriculum power and to regulate the goal and manner of curriculum move. Further study in curriculum policy will help to improve the curriculum theory, perfect the practice of curriculum system, and realize the development of curriculum culture, which represents the time spirit and literature characteristics; it will help to unite curriculum theory and practice organically; which has important significance for our new round curriculum reform.Curriculum policy belongs to the related areas of curriculum theory and involves the theory domain of public policy, which reflects the interest relations in controlling curriculum sources. Interest is the root of curriculum policy, and the satisfaction of interests is achieved in the process of game. In a class society, curriculum policy is a kind of governing tool which serve for the governing class mind. In the long feudal society of China, curriculum policy has always been of central dictatorship, which is closely related with the Chinese single-dimension social game structure. Besides, currently we can see two other curriculum policy modes, namely, local self-command mode and school-based management mode, of which both are influenced by domestic society game structure.Different curriculum policy has different value choice, central dictatorship bases on the value of nation centralism, local self-command mode on local adjustment and school-based management mode on individualism standard. In conclusion, it is the problem of choosing between society standard and individualism standard, so it's not a theory domain of neutral value; it has an inevitable value orientation. An ideal curriculum policy should take students'subjectivity development as the standard. Human being's subjectivity is the connection of self-controlling, initiative and free surpassing. The subjectivity development has the same direction with the social development, in other words, the union of society ego and individual ego is carried out in the harmonious development between society development and individual development. Besides focusing on students'subjectivity development, an ideal curriculum policy can reflect the fairness in education, regulate various interest needs, and promote achievements. Meanwhile, it is no longer the outcome of mainstream ideology, and a multi-ideology system should be established so as to give non- mainstream ideologies chances to enter curriculums.It's obvious, from the angle of game, curriculum policy is transforming from a non-corporation game representing some persons'interest to a cooperation one representing various policy bodies, and they are seeking common development by reaching agreements. From the angle of game theories, an ideal curriculum policy should realize both students'subjectivity development and the subjectivity development of nation, local area, school, specialists, teachers, and parents, and should meet the interest requirement of various interest body to reach the all-win goal, which needs exerting the inter-subjectiveness of each subject.All-win game is the new stage in the development of game theory. It is in the ideal state of cooperative game. It means that in the harmonious circumstance and under the restriction of democracy and legal system, people presume the social justice and efficiency by collaboration so that human beings and the society could reach the common development and the goal of human sustainable development could be realized. The idea of all-win game shares the theoretical origin with the dialectics. The first thing is the universal relation of dialectics. The second thing is the theory of identity of illogicality. And, the third is that all-win game theory indicates that all problems in human society could be solved by the method of systematization.The detailed requirements of all-win game realized by curriculum policy are as follows. First, to realize the national, regional and school benefits, the power of curriculum policy should be logically distributed on the basis of the advantages of each part so as to maximize the harmonious development of the nation, the region and the school. Second, with the common participation by the government, experts, teachers, students and their parents, by exerting their discourse rights could they realize the all-win benefits. Third, in order to meet the requirements of different classes in the society, different needs from different groups should be conformed effectively to keep the balance of social benefit. To ensure that these benefit subjects could equally attend the decision-making process of curriculum policy, all-win game needs the necessary construction of justice of procedure as well as scientific pattern of curriculum decision-making, that is, the mixed scanned pattern on the basis of negotiation.Currently in China, the three-level pattern of curriculum administration reveals that the curriculum policy is getting more and more democratic, reasonable and scientific. But many problems still exist in the decision-making process of curriculum policy. For example, the contemporary curriculum policy mainly bases on the schooling conditions of developed regions, urban schools and key schools, which neglect the existence of the disadvantaged groups. The three-level pattern of curriculum administration has become the basic national curriculum policy and the school-based curriculums compose the indispensable parts of school curriculums. But the contemporary curriculum policy only shows the duty to schools without providing sources, which could not guarantee the self determination power of schools. Additionally, the leading administrative role of the government violates the autonomy of schools. Moreover, the profound effect by the bureaucratic construction pattern leads to the low efficiency of curriculum policy decision-making. Therefore, in order to solve these problems in the field of China's curriculum policy, a multi-ideology should be entirely established; the school self determination power should be fully exerted; the benefit needs of the disadvantaged groups should be reasonably guaranteed and the corresponding decision-making system of justice of procedure should be wholly constructed.