A Policy Game Of "College Entrance Examination": A Study Of The Relationship Among Local Governments In China

The research of intergovernmental relations mainly includes the studies of macrostatic and microdynamic relations among governments respectively. The former aims at studying the central-local intergovernmental relations, and also the local intergovernmental relations from the perspective of constitutional system, covering the researches of vertical and horizontal connection, while the latter research emphasizes competitive and cooperative relationship among governments. Intergovernmental dynamic relations is referred to a kind of change of dynamic relations under two dimensions of competition and cooperation, which could be understood mainly from two perspectives of rational choice and government policy game. Intergovernmental dynamic relations under the perspective of policy game not only include the central-local intergovernmental relations, but also the local intergovernmental relations. This paper aims at interpreting behaviors of local intergovernmental policy game by constructing a analysis framework of governmental policy game and indicates the changing impetus and developing direction of local intergovernmental relations by analy sizing elements of the government interests, policy processes and policy game to build appropriate reasonable intergovernmental relations finally.The analysis framework of policy game is based on the analysis of specific policy cases, this paper selecting the policy reform case of "different place of the college entrance exam" which is characterized by a nationwide, far-reaching policy changes behavior. Since2003when the policy reform of children from immigrant families studying in different places began, the policy reform of "different place of the college entrance exam" has drawn attentions of the central government, provincial governments and the masses, for this reform involves different interests from the central government (the state council and the ministry of education), local governments, the examinees and the colleges and universities. In2012, all provincial governments have carried on the new policies according to the reform schedule of the central government. Still, in the policy making stage, the local governments form competitive government relations due to being influenced by factors of the level, the individual, the resource and the external pressure.. In the research of countermeasures and prospect, this paper points out that local governments should seek the change from intergovernmental relations to cooperative relations in the implementation stage of new policy, which is beneficial to implement the new policy and reach the goal of the reform.The research results illustrate that the formation and change of local intergovernmental dynamic relations will be influenced by different factors, for these objective elements will have effects on intergovernmental policy behaviors to form policy games of different natures. It will be influenced that governments choose competitive or cooperative policy game if those powers of different elements could be applied and adjusted effectively, which leads to realization of policy purposes and government interests among governments and makes contribution to sustained and reasonable development of intergovernmental relations.