The Study Of Multicultural Education Of America From The Perspective Of Education Equity

The multicultural education came to be in practice in the 1960s which derived from the Civil Rights Movement in the United States. The multicultural education expands to concern all minority groups after fusing some theories of post-modern society which stems from the tribal groups of the European and American society's. The purpose is to practice social justice, promote community education and to obtain the opportunities of equal education and social development so as to achieve social harmony and democracy. But criticism on the multicultural education was increased along with its expansion field and enhancing influence in the U.S. Especially around the 1990s, the argument on multicultural education was raised seriously, the multicultural education is seen as new racism, therefore it might be enhance racial discrimination and lead to national disintegration; The multicultural education can reduce the quality of teaching and might be cause the gap of students'achievement, thus multicultural education would harmful to the education equity; The multicultural educations is lack of the judgment standard of moral value so it may be lead to moral relativism and so on. How to understand the multicultural education and its function? People actually had forgotten the initial goal of multicultural education - - the minority demand for education equity while arguing on it.This thesis discusses multicultural education under the view of education equity by taking the Civil Rights Movement in the 1960s in the U.S as a beginning. This study makes an effort to illustrate the significance of the minority education equity of multicultural education by discussing the following four parts: multicultural education origin, the multicultural education curriculum, the multicultural education process, multicultural teacher education, and some suggestions are provided in order to solve the problem of multi-ethnic for the multi-ethnic country.On the part of the preface is the background, literature summary, method as well as some clarification of important concept.The first chapter makes the meaning of education equity clearly. Education equity includes two essential aspects: the equal of educational right and the equal of the educational opportunity. The core of education equity is to safeguard the citizen to enjoy the right of education equally; the key point is to advocate the equity of educational opportunity. The three equity principles of John Rawls' that the authoritative theory until now are equal right principle, equal opportunity principle, difference principle, as well as the priority of the three principles. This paper studies the theory and the practice of the multicultural education on the basis of Rawls'education equity theory that is accepted popular. The second chapter makes every effort to expound the origin, the meaning, the development of multicultural education and the idea that the multicultural education implicated. The origin, the main body, the goal and the idea of the multicultural education are responsive and demanded of education equity.The third chapter expounds the American multicultural curriculum reform is the most essential way to consider multicultural education as a process of a supplement or transformation of the school course content. This part analyzed inequity for the national minority students to enjoy the curriculum resources at the present, explained the three approaches of multicultural curriculum: infused approach; transformation approach; social reconstruction approach, the final goal of reform causes all students to enjoy the equity curriculum resources.The fourth chapter is multicultural education achievement. The achievement way, such as bilingual education and ability detracking which is based on the equity principle sees the multicultural education as the theory and the strategy which is designed to promote students'achievement of the low income, the minority, and the feminine and physical disabilities.The fifth chapter: Education equity and the multicultural teacher education. The teacher resource is the important component whether student enjoy the educational resources fairly. This part proposed the multicultural quality which teacher must have and discussed the reformation of preservice and inservice teacher education in order to implement the education equity under the multicultural background.The sixth chapter elaborates difficulty that the multicultural education faced in the interior and exterior from which draw the strategy for the multicultural education development.In brief, the American multicultural education is analyzed comprehensively in this paper through the history, the theoretical analysis and the practice inspection, in order to clarify the misunderstanding and the critique on it, expound its significance of the minority education equity, define its anti-racism standpoint and core idea of social justice.