From "Male Appendages" To "Half The Sky"

Female education is particularly important and has been a heated topic for many scholors, research on female education of ethnic minorities is an important research topic to inter-national scholars for recent more than a decade. This is closely related to the policies of country and nation development, but also closely linked with education researchers' efforts. Finding that, up until now, there has been no research on the history of Kazak female education, the author decided to study it and began to collect the material concerned.The roles of female in Kazak community being the viewpoint, this study, based on microscopic analysis of the role of female to explore female education under the influence of social changes of Kazak, analyzes the specific implementation of female education mechanism and discusses how to cultivate different female roles.The female education throughout the Kazak history in this study is based mainly on the field work (or field studies), interviews, analysis of local records, press information, historical figures and literary works as well, focusing the question "How did the Kazak female education develope in different communities, and how did it cultivate the female roles meeting the community expectations? "The topic falls into four specific items: (1) What forces are potential or significant affecting Kazak female education, shaping the female role? (2) How does female education meet the expectation of female role in different periods? (3) What is the process in different times of the Kazak female education? (4) How does the performance of Kazak female form female education? What role do they play in and out of the family?Answering the questions above, the author has found the results as follows: (1) Viewed the whole history, the Kazak female role changed from "male appendages" to "half the sky". The specific process is: The male appendages, Female with awareness for rights, The liberated female, Modern female, and this was further strengthened by female education. (2) The Kazak female education suggests four different patterns under the influence of social structure changes, i.e.,The capitalized female education , The religious enlightening female education , The ban broken female education , The modern female education. (3) The implementation of the Kazak female education process has different performance at different times as follows: the traditional society strengthening the statute "male appendages", by social, customs education, Islam teaching and mosque education promoting the awareness of female rights during the introduction of Islam. New schools for cultural knowledge dissemination , personality independence and social ability cultivating and training the liberated female in the late Qing Dynasty. Knowledge and cultural promotion in basic education, technical training and female cultivation in advanced vocational education, middle and higher education, have triggered the formation of modern female groups as " half the sky" since the foundation of People's Republic of China.The author has found that there are regional differences in the modern female education mode for the Kazak female, therefore, this thesis proposes to explore a newfemale education mode------A free style female education.