Study On Rural Labor Outflow And Food Security

With urbanization and evolution of food market, hundreds of millions of rural labor outflow occur. Thus food-sown area is reducing. The original "breadbasket" of the food producing areas (such as Zhejiang Hangjiahu region) has been transformed into food sales areas; grain acreage is reducing, or farming area is even being given up and abandoned. The problems of outflow of rural labors and food security are serious; are there any similarities and differences for the problems? How to achieve the synergy food security and rural labor outflow? How to increase the marginal product of food by "factor substitution" and "elements convection", the outflow of the rural labor force? How to define appropriate government control? It needs to be resolved during the public management to complete the transfer of population from rural areas to urban areas, reducing farmers'burden and increase farmers'wealth. FAO (1974) proposed that the ultimate goal of Food Security is to ensure that all people can afford life commodities at any time and can buy their basic food needs. It contains two levels of meaning:First is food production capacity (buying), the second is the ability to obtain food (affordable). This article is from these two aspects of food security to study major grain producing areas of the "buy" issues and food sales areas of the "affordable" problem.The main conclusions of this analysis can be summarized in the following aspects Chapter 3 describes the process in the labor market, structural change and food securityFirst is the analysis of food management system of stages and the evolution of the rural labor input. It describes the planned economy of food management (purchase and sale) system and a high degree of participation of rural labor; After the household responsibility system and rural labor force changes in food production and efficient investment; food "dual track"and the transition economies of rural labor migration under the circumstances.Secondly is the analysis of Grain Market Reform and labor force structure changes. It illustrates the Grain Market Reform and the acceleration of rural labor outflow of rural labor force under the premise of structural imbalance and the food security situation. It also analyzes Grain Market Structure of labor movements. The third is the analysis of food' weakness, comparative interests and trends of rural labor outflow. Last is the analysis of regional differences in endowment and food security objectives.In Chapter 4, we'll study the main grain producing areas of comparative advantage, the outflow of rural labor and food security. First of all, the analysis of natural endowments and comparative advantages proves the natural endowments, the too dense growth of grain production and farmers income problems in the main food areas of grain production. The quantitative estimation of the main food areas of food production and comparative advantage index confirmed that the main food areas have a comparative greater advantage in food production than the sales areas. Second, the paper decomposes the outflow of rural labor force factors to food production, collects the key variables and conducts empirical model set; carries out empirical research, obtains more reliable data and empirical results for the related discussion; the final part is the proposed policy implications.In Chapter 5, we study the bottom line of sales areas of food self-sufficiency, rural labor migration and food security capacity. First, we analyze the sales areas of comparative advantage of grain production; second, we have a gray correlation analysis of the outflow of rural labor force, food production and the capability of access gray correlation analysis in main sales areas. The following is the analysis of the contribution labor migration on farmers'capacity in main sales areas. Third, take Zhejiang as an example, it is the analysis of the selection and contribution of the farmers in the main sales areas, discussing main sales areas rural labor migration on food security through surveys of rural labor migration on food security.Chapter 6 discusses the balance efforts to improve regional complementarities of convective elements, institutional arrangements of functional division of labor. First, we study functional efficiency of the division of labor and food security in the main food areas, complement each other and the grain market' security in regional main sales areas. Again, the paper proposes to improve the balance of factor substitution, factor convection. Finally, it discusses the joint development of outflow of rural labor force and food security arrangements.Overall, the empirical analysis tests our theoretical expectations that the outflow of rural labor force has an impact on food security, and performance difference in major grain producing areas and main sales areas. This needs coordinated development of rural labor migration and food security...