Study On The Relationship Among Entrepreneurial Environment, Entrepreneurial Orientation And Entrepreneurial Performance In Northeast China

It has been widely proved that entrepreneurship can greatly promote economic and social developments. Entrepreneurship has also become the main power to promote economic development and solve the employment in different countries and regions. An entrepreneurial economy has been an ideal state that many countries pursuiting positively. Entrepreneurship is a dynamic and opening process in nature, the research of entrepreneurial performance in different countries shows the regional diversities. Which means the process of entrepreneurship is a process that entrepreneur, been affected by entrepreneurial environment, to act, adopt, and improve the environment. So, entrepreneurial environment is a key factor in the process of entrepreneurship. Some scholars believe that entrepreneurship is a reaction to environmental variable, thoses variable may determine the success of entrepreneurship. Entrepreneurial environment can influence entrepreneurship along the whole process, even in the planning stage. The combination of entrepreneur and entrepreneurial environment decides the different types of entrepreneurial activities, so that the entrepreneurial performance. So, we can see that entrepreneurial environment in fact determines the process and performance of entrepreneurship.As a conception of entrepreneurial process, entrepreneurial orientation in nature analysis entrepreneurial activities on a strategic level. Entrepreneurial orientation describes how enterprises run, and reflects the enterprise's strategy, not only the new enterprises, but also enterprise entrepreneurship of established enterprises. Theoretical and practical research findings of entrepreneurship and strategic management show us that entrepreneurial orientation can significantly influence entrepreneurial performance of new enterprises and established enterprises.So, entrepreneurial environment and entrepreneurial orientation can both influence entrepreneurial performance, but the two processes were not separately. When entrepreneurial performance is affected by entrepreneurial environment, entrepreneurial orientation is also affected by entrepreneurial environment, so entrepreneurial environment can determine entrepreneurial performance by affecting entrepreneurial orientation.From the analysis above, we can see that entrepreneurial performance affected by entrepreneurial environment most. But some research conclusions show different directions that entrepreneurial performance affected by entrepreneurial environment. The planned economy in the past and the market economy currently shaped the characters of northeast china's economy. The data of this research is based on the northeast china, which means the purpose of this paper meant to discuss the relationship among entrepreneurial environment, entrepreneurial orientation and entrepreneurial performance, study and analysis the conditions of entrepreneurial environment and entrepreneurship, complement and improve theoretical and empirical research of entrepreneurship.This article build the research model of northeast china's entrepreneurial environment, entrepreneurial orientation and entrepreneurial performance based on theoretical research, and proposed hypothesizes. The empirical research based on the data collected by questionnaires comes out with the conclusions of this article.First, the effect of northeast china's entrepreneurial environment on entrepreneurial performance is confirmed. The analysis shows that the directly effect of northeast china's entrepreneurial environment on entrepreneurial performance mainly caused by the hostility of environment, which proved the negative effect of the hostility of northeast china's entrepreneurial environment on entrepreneurial performance, while the effect of dynamism of northeast china's entrepreneurial environment on entrepreneurial performance is not confirmed.Second, the effect of entrepreneurial orientation and its three dimensions on entrepreneurial performance are confirmed. Entrepreneurial orientation and its proactiveness, risk taking and innovativeness can affect entrepreneurial performance positively.Third, the effect of northeast china's entrepreneurial environment on entrepreneurial orientation is confirmed. The hostility of entrepreneurial environment could significant influencing entrepreneurial orientation and its three dimensions. And also the effect of environmental dynamism on entrepreneurial orientation and its innovativeness, while the effect of environmental dynamism on the proactiveness and risk taking of entrepreneurial orientation are not confirmed.Forth, the moderate effect of the dynamism and hostility of northeast china's entrepreneurial environment on"entrepreneurial orientation and entrepreneurial performance"are confirmed. The hostility of northeast china's entrepreneurial environment plays a significant moderate role between entrepreneurial orientation and entrepreneurial performance, and also between the proactiveness, risk taking and innovativeness of entrepreneurial orientation and entrepreneurial performance. At the same time, the dynamism of northeast china's entrepreneurial environment plays a significant moderate role between entrepreneurial orientation and entrepreneurial performance, and also between the innovativeness of entrepreneurial orientation and entrepreneurial performance. While the moderate role of the dynamism of northeast china's entrepreneurial environment between the proactiveness of entrepreneurial orientation and entrepreneurial performance is not confirmed, also between the risk taking of entrepreneurial orientation and entrepreneurial performance.Theoretical and empirical analysis above shows that the hostility of northeast china's entrepreneurial environment could significantly influence entrepreneurial orientation and entrepreneurial performance, and also a significant role between entrepreneurial orientation and entrepreneurial performance. But the dynamism of northeast china's entrepreneurial environment can not be proved to be a significant influencing factor to entrepreneurial performance, and also not a significant moderate factor between entrepreneurial orientation and entrepreneurial performance.This study is about the relationship among entrepreneurial environment, entrepreneurial orientation and entrepreneurial performance in northeast china may firstly complement the researches about those entrepreneurial factors. Enable researchers to compare the effect of entrepreneurial environment in different regions, to explore the nature of entrepreneurship. Second, this study can also complement the research about the old industrial bases of northeast china, trying to find an entrepreneurial way to solve the development problem of northeast china, complement and improve theoretical and empirical research about china's economic transition, and also let researchers understand the macro problem of the transition of china's economy and society. At last, based on the conclusions of the relationship among northeast china's entrepreneurial environment, entrepreneurial orientation and entrepreneurial performance, the government and relevant departments may develop and implement more targeted policies to improve the entrepreneurial environment, enhance the entrepreneurial orientation and the entrepreneurial performance. According to promoting economic development and employment rate by entrepreneurship, we can build entrepreneurial economy, promote the old industrial base of northeast china to develop and shunt eventually.