Study On The Active Urbanization Of Urban-rural Fringe In Less-developed Regions

Joseph E. Stiglitz, the Nobel Prize winner in Economics, considered that the urbanization of China and US-led new technological revolution were two major events in the 21st century. Currently, under the new global political and economic situation, China which has over one fifth of the world population is coming to the rapid urbanization process. Its influence is unprecedented for both the whole world and China. The study on the urbanization of China will bring a new empirical support to the world urbanization theory.The urbanization of China has been developed at an average annual rate of 1% or above in recent years, which was two times more of the world's average level. The urbanization level of China reached 46.6% in 2009. More than 600 million people are living in the cities. As a result of the important effects of the zone discrepancy, the globalization and the knowledge economy in the recent years, the urbanization level of China presents a unbalanced pattern, in which the one decreases from east to middle and west regions opposite to the physical regionalization. On the one side, the eastern coastal regions took advantage of the country's preferential policies and the ascendant location and controlled the commanding point of both the economy and the urbanization. On the other side, propelled by the government-led role from top to bottom for a long period, the urbanization of Midwest regions owing to the remote inland with a poor level of productivity is lower than the average level in China. Both speed and quality were in the doldrums to the national urbanization. It appears an obvious dual structure of the advanced and backward coexisting regions.From the situation of current urbanization, most of the less-developed regions have entered the rapid stage, in which the urbanization level exceeds 30%. Since the central cities in the less-developed regions have a small city size, a less tight relationship between cities and a poor developed urban system, however, the potential development in the regions is deficient and the urbanization level faces many problems. Therefore, the study on the promotion of both speed and quality of urbanization in less-developed regions should have an important practical significance and theory value.The urbanization of the less-developed regions is basically propelled by the local government for a long period, which controls its intention and extension. The Urban-rural fringe, which is the most intense area of urbanism, always shows the passive-accepting characteristics and has less strength to participate in urbanization actively. This phenomenon causes the insensible factor flows between urban and countryside, the slow urbanization process and the frequent appearances of vulnerable groups, etc. This paper takes the urban-rural fringe of the less-developed regions as the study area and the agriculture and rural area as the main studying object. Breaking through the passive-accepting model, the paper mentions the concept of active urbanization from the view of the expansion of cities. Moreover, the paper builds up the theory system of the active urbanization on the basis of the relative experiences from China and other countries.The active urbanization obeys the mechanism of urbanization in the open systems. In the temporal dimension, it acts up to the rule of "Northam Curve". In the spatial dimension, it carries out the road-map from the point-space to the corridor-space and cyberspace. Active urbanization is a system attic project. This paper makes an in-depth study from three key subsystems of the urbanization which contains the industrial coordination, the land transfer and the governmental regulation. The main conclusions are as follows:â‘ The industrial coordination needs to solve four key questions, which are finding the "niche" of development from urban magnetic field, innovating the multiple model of development and economic partners, coordinating urban-rural development and avoiding smoke in every village which stresses environmental protection and sustainable development.â‘¡The paper studies innovations of system and explores ways of reforming to land transfer. Concrete measures are as follows:using land utilization patterns instead of talks about the ownership of land, using the introduce organization protects the land- trading markets, attaching importance to placement of farmers who lost their lands, taking diversified measures to propel business in non-agricultural land.â‘¢About the governmental regulation, it thinks that the role of the city government needs to return as a service provider. Major tasks of government are making and carrying out the urban-rural plan, building up the public weal of the urban and rural regions and supporting the local ecological safety. The positive power of the government can reduce the market losses and support the strategy of the active urbanization in the urban-rural fringe.The paper takes Gansu province as an example, to provide an actual cases for the present situation, industrial coordination, land transfer and governmental regulation of the urban-rural fringe in the less-developed regions. Moreover, taking Wujiang town in Zhangye, Gansu province for example, it summarizes the active urbanization of the urban-rural fringe in the less-developed regions lastly. This way can strengthen the paper's practical application.