| For a long time, the development strategy of "industrial priority and urban bias" was implemented in China. with respect to industrial policy, stressed the priority of urban industrial; with respect to capital flows, the agricultural surplus was transferred from rural areas to urban areas through taxation, price scissors between industrial and agricultural products, financial institutions and so on; with respect to population migration, there were many obstacles and constraints for labor to migrate from rural areas to urban areas, because of the institutional arrangements of household registration system and other discriminatory employment and welfare system. Those urban-rural dual industrial policies, lead to that rural non-agricultural industry lagged behind, weak economic growth of agriculture, and the gap between rural and urban economic development is increasingly widening. Third Plenary Session of the Party's 17 proposed that "balance the developments of urban and rural industries, optimize the industrial structure in rural areas, guide urban capital, technology, human resources, managerial expertise and other factors of production to flow to rural areas". China has entered into the development stage of industry nurturing agriculture. Urban-rural cooperation has become the important basis and momentum of forming a new pattern that integrates economic and social development in urban and rural areas, the main way of optimization and promotion of urban and rural industrial structure, and also the important measure to solve three dimensional rural issues fundamentally. Therefore, the study on the urban-rural industrial cooperation has very important theoretical significance and age implication.Firstly, the general law of evolution of urban-rural industrial relationship was analyzed. Looking from the process of world economic development, the urban-rural industrial relationship mainly experienced four stages, that is rural industries bred urban industries, urban and rural industries developed contradictorily, urban industries return nurtured rural industries and integrated development of urban-rural industries. Since 2004, China has generally entered into the stage of balancing urban and rural development of industry re-feeding agriculture. Under the influence of path dependence of urban-rural dual structure system, the development of Chinese urban and rural industries is facing the following problems, the development disparity of urban-rural industries is obvious, the correlation effect of urban-rural industries is not strong and the structure of urban-rural industries is strongly convergent, which result in the income gap between urban and rural residents in increasingly enlarging that restricts the development process of urban-rural integration.Secondly, the implementation mechanism of urban-rural industrial cooperation was designed.â‘ Reasonable industrial division and distribution is the basis of urban-rural industrial cooperation. This paper hold the opinion that knowledge-intensive industries, industries with high correlation and modern service industries should be distributed in urban areas primarily, labor-intensive industries and agricultural product processing industries should be distributed small towns mainly, and rural industries should focus on agriculture and rural tourism.â‘¡The interdependence and reciprocal benefits of industries are the impetus of urban-rural industrial cooperation. The interdependence between urban and rural industries, which refer to both the technical economic interdependence with various products, services and factors as links and spatial interdependence between urban and rural industries, is the necessary condition for urban and rural industrial cooperation. The reciprocal benefits are the main impetus for urban and rural industrial cooperation. Win-win is the prerequisite for successful cooperation.â‘¢Bidirectional free flow of factors between urban and rural areas is the link of urban-rural industrial cooperation.â‘£Improving the economic strength of small towns is the carrier of urban-rural industrial cooperation. Small towns is the carrier for urban industries extending to rural areas, the carrier for agglomeration of village industries and the carrier for absorbing surplus rural labor force.Additionally, based on the establishment of comprehensive evaluation index system, the coordinated development level of urban-rural industries was evaluated from static and dynamic aspects. The results of static evaluation showed that the coordinated development level of urban-rural industries character had significant regional differences. In general, the level of eastern regions is highest, central region is second, and western regions is lowest. The results also show that economic development level and urbanization level are the necessary conditions for improving coordinated development level of urban-rural industries, but not sufficient condition. The results of dynamic evaluation show that China's coordinated development level of urban-rural industries has been significantly improved since 2004, which confirmed the effect of balancing urban and rural development strategy is significant.Finally, the strategic measures for urban-rural industrial cooperation are proposed. (1)Cooperation of urban-rural three industries:to propel the agricultural industrialization management. Based on game analysis on the breaches of contract in contract agriculture, some improving suggestions of benefit mechanism of agricultural industrialization management are put forward, that is introducing rural cooperative economic organization and agricultural product futures market into game model or changing non- cooperative game to cooperative game. (2)There are two cooperative modes between urban-rural secondary industries. One mode is headquarters economy. The enterprises lay its headquarters in developed city and production base in rural areas, thus enterprises can simultaneously obtain urban strategic resources (talents, information and capital) and rural conventional resources(labor, land) with a relatively low cost, which will achieve optimal spatial coupling of the internal structure of different organizations and urban-rural resources. The other mode is industry transfer. With the rising of the cost of land, labor, and other factors in city, the industries that lost its comparative advantage gradually shift to rural areas. (3) The modes of urban-rural tertiary industries mainly include rural war-mart, guiding urban modern service industries to extend to rural areas, and develop rural tourism through urban and rural cooperation.In a word, taking urban-rural industrial interaction as research perspective, taking system theory, regional division and cooperation theory, location theory, industrial agglomeration and diffusion theory as theoretical guidance, following the general law of evolution of urban-rural industrial relationship, learning from successful experiences of urban-rural industrial coordinated development at home and abroad, on the basis of equal status of urban and rural areas, according to urban-rural location condition, resources endowment and industrial activity law, this paper makes comprehensive evaluation on the urban-rural industrial coordinated development level, constructs a implementation mechanism and strategic conception of urban-rural industrial cooperation. The aim is to form an industrial development pattern with the character of reasonable division, scientific distribution, mutual cooperation and complementary advantages between urban and rural industries. This paper is conducive to enrich and perfect theoretical research system of urban-rural integration, and plays an important role in promoting urban-rural industrial integrated development and solving three dimensional rural issues for each region.
|
PDF Full Text Request