Discussion On The Modern Hotel Industry

Hotel is collectively defined as the commercial building facilities and agencies to provide accommodation and other services to the public. China is one of countries which the earliest hotel appeared. The development of modern hotel industry is a very important stage of the historical course in China. The recent research on the history of modern tourism gradually arisen whereas most closely with the tourism enterprise research and the special studies on modern hotel are both rare. In view of this, the article tries to discuss on the development of hotel industry from 1912 to 1937 from the perspective of the tourism industry combining with basic theory and method of tourism and history.In addition to Introduction and conclusion, there are altogether six chapters in this article. In Introduction, the author defines some concepts of hotel, and reviews the research history of this study, at last, introduces writing purpose of this paper, key issues to be resolved and methods, innovations and the structure of the essay.The first chapter is about study on the background of modern hotel. As other tourism industry, modern hotels development cannot be independent of historical background, such as politics, economy, culture and technology in modern times. Since the establishment of the government of the republic, many factors promote the development of the modern hotels, including the growth of national economy and the increase of National income, the development tour transport, the rise of modern city with movement of person, the governments support and the opening of ideological. Tourism development in the world also had a certain impact on it. Especially the Western-style hotel played a certain role in promoting for the modern Chinese hotels. The second chapter describes the course of modern hotel industry. After the revolution of 1911, national capital started investing in hotels. The hotel managers improve and perfect the design, equipment and service, imitating the western modern hotels management, which is remarked as the start-up phase. With the modernization of the city and the rise of modern education, long staying reception facilities emerge as the times require such as apartments and hostels. At this stage the managers in Old hotel also continuously improved in operating facilities and service quality, more important, national capital investment greatly increased in quantity and scale. It is called the development phase from 1919 to 1927. Enter the 1930's, the hotel operation and management level greatly raised, several management advanced hotel with largest-scale or first-class facilities in domestic appeared, meanwhile, other type hotels develop rapidly such as traffic hotel, apartments and resort hotel over the country. It is the prosperity phase. As a whole, business management level was significantly improved, modern hotel industry achieve a shift from a traditional guesthouse to modern hotels.The third chapter discusses the service, marketing and management in modern hotel. Firstly, service in hotel is more perfect completing from single to the comprehensive function.Secondly, hotel managers use personnel promoting, pricing strategy and advertising as the effective sales measures and emphasized location and name selection. Thirdly, modern management mode and the structure have been established in many new hotels. The rules of financial management, human resources management and safety management are implemented in many hotels. Some senior managers who had abundant professional experience and outstanding management consciousness appeared.The fourth chapter illustrates two representative enterprises. Park hotel invested and managed by National capitalists in 1934, is the most luxurious facility and the high quality service for the modern China hotel industry what is relevant to human resource management and innovation. As the biggest travel group in modern times, Chinese travel service used various forms of business with Standardization which remarks as a unique hotel group. The analysis of them does good to research in modern hotel enterprise development deeply.The fifth chapter discusses the administration of government and the supervision of hotel trade association in modern hotel. Summarizing hotel classification methods and the criteria of modern hotels, the author analyses the object and effect of the government and hotel industry organizations management and interactive relationship between enterprise development and industry management.The sixth chapter remarks on the research of hotel management idea in modern time. These theories include definition, properties and functions of the hotel, hotel operation, management of vocational education and personnel training, issues ethics and the evaluation of western management theory. The discussion on the above issues reflects it is continuously enriching and has formed an initial system.The concluding chapter summarizes all features of modern hotels. As a whole, the modern hotels driven by the stimulus of Western hotel and the exploration Chinese-Western hotel completed the transformation of traditional guesthouse accommodation to the modern hotel. Of course, there are some shortcomings to be worthy of reflection in the study material, study scope and research method.