Study On Innovation Ability And Efficiency Of Agricultural Science And Technology In China

Innovation is the resources of essential and motivation of state economy's increasing, and it is core of national development. Therefore, innovation of agricultural science and technology will become the main motivation of agricultural growth. At present, there are such problems in innovation of agricultural science and technology as independent innovation capability is limited, sci-tech level is not high and agricultural extension is delay. Although the central government has adopted a series of policies to assist agriculture, and increased input to construct the platform for innovation of agricultural science and technology annually, there are still key problems need to be solved during transferring from traditional agriculture to modern agriculture, such as the difference of different regions on innovation level and efficiency of agricultural science and technology, the ability and efficiency coordinating degree of agricultural science and technology. These are also important questions of reality the government at all levels facing to when they make decision. At present, the theory research is blank or weak in these fields.Therefore, the thesis does research on innovation of agricultural science and technology from ability, efficiency, and the coordinating between ability and efficiency, in order to cover the shortage in relevant research and offer reference for policies'decision making.On the basis of the review on related theories and documents home and abroad, from the perspective of potential ability,development ability, output ability and contribution ability on innovation of agricultural science and technology, the thesis is firstly to analyze how construct the index system for the ability and evaluate the integrated ability of China as a whole and ability in different regions on innovation of agricultural science and technology by using Factor anlytic method and statistical data. Secondly, it stresses on the evaluation of the efficiency on innovation of agricultural science and technology nationally and regionally, and the analysis on the factors that affect the efficiency. Thirdly, it focuses on the evaluation of the national and regional level on innovation of agricultural science and technology through the statistical data collected from 2006 to 2008 by using special data analysis and constructing the index on the level of innovation of agricultural science and technology. Lastly, it proposes the suggestions on raising the level of innovation of agricultural science and technology in China, according to the summary of the experiences and practices about innovation of agricultural science and technology from America, Israel and Japan.The thesis has such conclusion as follows:1. According to the Evaluate Results of Factor Analysis Method, the innovative capacity of agricultural science and technology of every province in China is quite different. The eastern region has the strongest capacity , especially in Beijing and Shanghai, and the capacity of Guangdong, Zhejiang, Shandong, Jiangsu is also significantly higher than the national average level. The capacity in the western regional provinces is lower than the national average level. The innovation capacity of Henan Province in the western region, Heilongjiang Province in the northeastern region, Fujian Province in the south China region and Tianjin in the north China region is slightly higher than the national average level.2. The conclusion is gotten through Input Output Analysis Method as that from 2006 to 2008, the efficiency of agricultural science and technology innovation of most provinces (cities) located in east central China is at the first-class and second-class level, which is quite high. The correspondence of west China is at the third-class and fourth-class level, which is quite low. After analyzing the Malmquist index of agricultural science and technology innovation, we could get the conclusion that the increasing of the efficiency of agricultural science and technology innovation in China is caused by technology improving, instead of the amelioration of technological efficiency.3. 1990—2008, the efficiency of agricultural science and technology innovation is in the moderate growing situation in annual growth of 3%, and the growth rate has made a contribution of 29.7% to the growth rate of China's agricultural output. During the different periods, the growth of China's agricultural TFP has displayed obvious volatility features, which shows like"U"type track overall. From the aspect of region, the growth of agricultural TFP in the all three regions has achieved positive growth from 2006 to 2008, however, there are significant regional differences, which the growth of western region is the fastest, the eastern region takes second place, followed by the slowest central region.4. Through the establishment of agricultural science and technology index, we could know that China's efficiency of agricultural science and technology innovation (2006-2008) was in fluctuation, at a lower level (0.3999). At the same time, the agriculture science and technology innovation coordinate coefficient index was at a higher level (0.9348), in fluctuation with little variation amplitude and keep in coordination. Clustering analysis the agriculture science and technology innovation level and coordination determined the four types of agriculture science and technology innovation i.e. high innovation level and high coordination type, high innovation level and low coordination type, low innovation level and high coordination type, low innovation level and low coordination type. Most of provinces'agriculture science and technology innovation level and agriculture science and technology innovation coordination were in consistent, the innovation level and coordination were in weak correlation (the index of Pearson is 0.387).