Study On Human Capital Investmentbehavior Of Agricultural Enterprise

The agro-products production has experienced some new trends such as standardization, scale and security of agricultural production in our society, and for this, the agricultural enterprises will be facing not only the pressures for reforming their production technology and business model, but also the pressure on increasing security and stability of raw materials supply system. Improving the quality of corresponding human resources is the main way to relieve these pressures. Therefore, agricultural enterprises not only need to improve the quality of employees'skill and their sense of safety, but also have to sense the urgency of improving the quality of human resources of the farmers whose operation highly relevant to the profit of the enterprises. However, the current effective investment on human capital of agricultural enterprises is not significant under the restriction of various negative factors. In China, the system of agricultural investment in human capital which guided by government is inefficiency, so to learn the experiences of developing agriculture from the developed countries to encourage and guide the human capital investment of agricultural enterprises actively are the core elements of construction China's human capital investment system of agriculture, it is also the internal needs for agricultural enterprises development. In market economy system, not all agricultural enterprises have strong inner motivation on human capital investment. Therefore, the base point for stimulating and guiding agricultural enterprise investment in human capital is to respect and guide the rational behavioral decision on human capital investment. So researching on when the inherent potential of agricultural enterprises can be stimulated to become effective investment behavior, and what changes will happen on the structure of human capital investment of agricultural enterprise after investment on external farmers will have important theoretical and practical significance.On the basis of feature of agricultural enterprises'current human capital investment behavior, such as differentiation, stratification and other features, and under the planned behavior theory, technology acceptance and using theory, risk theory, Todaro model, this paper has built the corresponding behavioral models of agricultural enterprises human capital investment. Based on the micro-survey data of 63 agricultural enterprises and 358 farmers which from the eastern, central and western in China, authors empirically analyzed the human capital investment behavior of agricultural enterprises through factor analysis, order logistic regression analysis and principal component regression analysis etc. The results show that the difference between the external human capital investment behavior and internal human capital investment behavior is large, and the degree of restriction from periphery farmers'behindhand behavioral characteristics on the behavior of external human capital investment of agricultural enterprises is also large. The paper has quantitatively analyzed the core elements system of corporate investment behavior, and laid the theoretical foundation for encouraging and inducing the human capital investment behavior of agricultural enterprises.Through thorough quantitative analyzing human capital investment behavior of agricultural enterprises, this paper draws the following four conclusions. The first, agricultural enterprises have been defined concretely in this paper from the vertical angle of industry chain extension and the horizontal angle of agricultural organizations. The definition not only provides a theoretical basis point for analyzing the behavior characteristics of the external and internal human capital investment of agricultural enterprises, but also provides a theoretical basis to address the industrialization of agriculture, food safety and other issues. The second, this paper proves that agricultural enterprises have a strong intrinsic motivation to investment on human capital. But under the constraints of the bad outside business environment, poor conditions of the enterprises and the poor features of investment object, the effective human capital investment of agricultural enterprises are still lower totally. The lower performance expectations, the larger risk prediction and the behindhand information concept and processing power all constraints turning the external behavior of farmers into a higher risk aversion un-rationality behavior. The behavioral characteristics of farmers, the behindhand conditions of the business and the external business environment factors also limit the increasing to investment on external human capital of agriculture enterprises. The third, not all of the agricultural enterprises have a strong intrinsic motivation to investment on external human capital. Agricultural enterprises having inner motivation to investment on human capital should perioied a long breaking-in endogenous processes with external human, so respecting the rational decision of enterprise is the basic point to distinguish and encourage agricultural enterprises investment on human capital. The fourth, this paper proposes that the basic principles of structuring the motivate mechanism of investment behavior in human capital of agricultural enterprises are market economy principles, and proposes three specific ways to build the mechanism, namely the establishment of supply systems of investment on public human capital, building management and security mechanisms of the external operating environment, and improving development mechanism of agricultural enterprise. The final goal is to form the endogenous operating mechanism on human capital investment behavior of agricultural enterprises.The main innovations of this study include the following 4 aspects. Firstly, the human capital investment behavior of agricultural enterprises is separated into the external human capital investment behavior and internal human capital investment behavior, and authors then quantitatively analyzes the differences between the external human capital investment behavior and internal human capital investment behavior. Secondly, this paper defines the farmers whose operation is closely related to the profit of agricultural enterprises as peripheral farmers, and then quantitatively analysis the high risk aversion un-rationality behaviors of peripheral farmers. Thirdly, the current effective external investment on human capital of agricultural enterprises is limited by the restriction of various negative factors, such as the peripheral farmers'poor personal characteristics and strong liquidity, the larger external transaction costs and the smaller trading frequency, and poor conditions of the enterprises. However, external investment on human capital meet the agricultural enterprises'development needs in the long term, the investment behavior is more endogenous, but there is mostly a long breaking-in period in endogenous processes of the investment behavior. Fourthly, based on job level and specificity of human capital, agricultural enterprises'human capital is divided into senior core human capital, middle-level human capital, human capital and primary human capital. Research proves that the human capital investment will successively decrease from the senior core human capital to primary human capital, and there is a big difference between the main component and the coefficient of principal factor in the investment behavior models.