Effective Supply Of Urban Public Research

The public goods supply is one of important responsibilities of the government. As we know, the city, absorbing the variety of economic factors, is the most dynamic places in the modern society. Since the Reform and Open-up, the city government has become more powerful in occupying resources as city's economy has developed rapidly. Meanwhile, it occurred that the city has experienced the unprecedented change in society structure while the market system has been built and improved. The demands of citizens to the public facilities and services have also increased day by day. Correspondingly, the city government have confronted with the gap between the demands and supply.At the present, China has been in a crucial period of economic and social development, especially in urbanization. In this period, the city government has not only to take the responsibilities to propel the sustainable economy development and to strengthen the economic foundation, but also to supply more public goods, to satisfy the variety of demands of citizens, to improve the social welfare, and then, to benefit all. Therefore, the research on how to increase the utilization efficiency of limited resources and create more public goods not only has theoretical value but also has practical significance.This thesis is divided into seven chapters. In chapter I, based on the interaction between economic and social development, it is pointed that the characteristics of development stage of the city in present China. And the two main contradictions the city government must deal with is analyzed, on which the theoretical and practical research of the thesis founded. In chapter II, it is reviewed and assessed that the state of art in the theory of public goods.In chapter III, based on the subjects and manners the public goods supplied, it is analyzed that the advantage and disadvantage of the two subjects, government and NGO, and concluded the main problems of public goods supply of the city in china. In chapter IV, it is analyzed the effect of economy development, income structure, population, and employment on the demands of the public goods, and concluded the mode that the public express their demands and consequent response, and finally, predicted that the demands of the public goods in the future.In chapter V, the route is analyzed that the government increase the effectiveness of public goods supply, that is, to motivate the NGO, to vary the subjects, and to invite the market mechanism to make the supply mode marketwised. In chapter VI, it is analyzed that evaluating method of public goods supply, and pointed the status que of the public goods supply in Shanghai. In chapter VII, thesis is concluded and policy is proposed.In this thesis, it is declared that the China government, especially the city government, urgently needs to solve the two main problems, the lack of the public goods supply due to limited resources and the inadequate democratization and scientification in decision making.It is also concluded that the public goods can be provided in the participation of the NGO. The government should also motivate the enterprises to provide the public goods. Therefore, tri-subject mode is built. This mode can ease the problem due to the limited resources of government and avoid the disadvantage by government solo supply. Meanwhile, the efficiency of the government in allocating the resources will increase by inviting the marketing mechanism to the public goods supply, such as leasing, purchasing, franchising, share holding and so on.In the course of economic development, social interest pattern have experiencing disintegration. The decision-making process of government has been influenced more and more profoundly by the public demand and benefit pursuing. Public satisfaction on public goods supply directly evaluates the governmental performance. Especially, on the pressure of the demand of majority, the benefit, if it would be impaired, of minority is related to the social harmony, and even the individual can affect the social stability. Therefore, the scale of the public goods supply and the efficiency of the resource allocation are no longer considered as core objectives. The government concern increasingly on social justice, fairness and harmony.This brings government a big challenge in the regulation and process of the decision-making. The traditional mode of decision making is difficult to continue, such as arbitrary decision or decision by faction, and decision by experiences and lack of scientific research. The government must make its administrative action in accordance with the law, make its decision comply with the law and regulations, and make sure that all its actions correspondent to norms. The government should make decision more scientifically than experimentally by consulting to think tank. The government must also provide more convenient channels to gourds the right to know and right to participate of social members, and expose the communal authority under the sunshine of supervise. In short, as the development of democratic politics, the decision making of city government in public goods supply will coordinate the interests of different aspects, and become more and more scientific and democratic.The performance evaluation on public goods supply is very important, which generally can be carried out in two aspects. One is, economically, the relationship between the costs the government invest in resources and the revenue of the public benefits, on which the government pursue to maximize the public benefits by limited resource. Another one is, of social significance, the public recognition and feelings on the public goods. The comprehensive evaluation must cover these two aspects and interaction of theirs, which propel the government to continuously correcting and improving in decision making and ensure the effectiveness of the government supply in public goods.