Study On The Economic Compensation Of The Peasant Household For Prime Farmland's Protection

Prime farmland is that Chinese people say it is used for the meal and maintaining life. And it is the cultivated land that must not be taken by the land utilization overall plan. The quantity of prime land is defers to the forecast of the agricultural products quantity that population and the socio-economic development need. In 1994, our government promulgated "Rule of Prime Farmland Protection ".After that, the system of prime farmland protection was established, our government's means that control the prime land is getting more and more strict. But looks over the effect of prime farmland protection, it is strongly bad. The quantity of prime farmland is reduced massively, the quality is decline rapidly, and it is very common that prime farmland was abandoned and been not cultivated, moreover, because most of irrigation infrastructure that was used to guarantee the harvest of prime farmland has been destroyed. The quantity of prime farmland reduction is dominant, but the quality reduction is recessive. And the quantity reduction could be controlled through the administration and legal means, but the quality could not be controlled through those means. So in future, the key point will be the quality of prime farmland.Actually dwell on the means that our government manages prime farmland now, we may see that our government pays attention to the means of management, but contempt nursing. And that is the government takes seriously the administrative and legal method to emphasize the duty which the local authority and farmer's protect prime farmland, but despises to improve the farmer's enthusiasm that in the daily cultivation, the peasant take the effective measure to use and nurse the prime land. In the daily use of prime farmland, the peasants provide society the positive externality, such as food security, ecological security. Simultaneously the peasant household undertake a lot of loss, besides the benefit loss that they have no time to do other job and the developing right of prime farmland. But usually, our government and society have no compensation for their loss and contribute. So under the comparative benefit, the peasant household will adopt the disadvantageous means to use the prime farmland, and does not crave to the prime farmland protection. Therefore under the condition of no the peasant household participation, the project of prime farmland is incomplete, and its actual movement effect will be sold at a discount greatly naturally.The project of prime farmland is a comprehensive systems engineering, and that need each related protection main body to coordinate and their widespread participation. The peasant household is the execution main body of prime farmland protection, their actual execution dynamics immediate influence the effect of prime farmland protection. Therefore, in view of the peasant household's contribution and the loss in the project of prime farmland protection, our government and society should formulate a economic compensation policy to drive the enthusiasm of the peasant household's to protect the prime farmland. This is a hot topic, and is a current urgently needed solution. So in view of this reality, this paper calculated the peasant household's loss and contribution of the prime farmland with the theory of natural economics and legal science. And this paper used the corresponding peasant household questionnaire, and established the economy compensation standard of the peasant household's in the prime farmland protection, then constructed the corresponding economical compensation mechanism.This research is divided into nine chapters, and it mainly had three major parts. The first is to give the cause of compensation, and the second is to solve how to compensate, and finally is to give conclusion and policy proposal.And the first part included the first chapter to the fourth chapter. The first chapter is introductory remarks, the second chapter is the domestic and foreign research tendency, the third chapter is the related concept limits and rationale's elaboration, the fourth chapter evaluates the efficiency of the prime farmland protection system. This paper analyses the present situation of prime farmland protection and the food security function of prime farmland firstly, then it gives that prime farmland is very important and the key point of prime farmland is maintaining its quality. This paper concluded the domestic and foreign research tendency, mainly upon the prime farmland connotation, protection main body, the object, the content and the drive and restraint measure. And this paper gets a conclusion that the study on building the economy compensation for the peasant household's prime farmland is still be loss now in our country. The system of economy compensation is for those peasant households who protect the prime farmland, so in the third chapter, this paper represents the difference between the prime farmland and general farmland by analyzing their total quality and the administration and examination method. Finally in the forth chapter, this paper takes multi-dimensional statistical analysis method from the quantity and quality of the prime farmland to evaluate the efficiency of the system of prime farmland. The evaluation result has confirmed the front selected topic basis similarly.The second part included the fifth chapter to the eighth chapter. In view of the front conclusion that the efficiency of prime farmland is nod ideal, this paper promotes a method that is building an economy compensation system for the peasant household who take part in protecting the prime farmland. How to establish needs to profit the related economy compensation policy for the farmers who protect the farmland from the current domestic and foreign. Therefore, the fifth chapter analyses the economy compensation policy for the peasant household who protect the farmland in the typical area of the domestic and foreign. The sixth chapter mainly unifies the real diagnosis to analyze the will and the influencing factor of the peasant household to protect the prime farmland. The situation that peasant household's wish to protect prime farmland is not intense also confirmed above conclusion. And the influencing factor determination is benefit for determining the method to improve the peasant household's enthusiasm to protect prime farmland. The seventh chapter mainly calculates the contribution and loss of the peasant household in protecting prime farmland through the externality and developing rights of prime farmland. Upon the above analysis, the theory model of economy compensation was established. The eighth chapter use the real diagnosis to measure the economy compensation standard of the peasant household who take part in protecting prime farmland, the study area cover 10 grain production area of all country. In this chapter, we determined the repayment wish of the peasant household upon 1198 effective questionnaire, and determined the influencing factor by the multi-dimensional statistical regression analysis. Afterward we determined the feasible economy compensation standard by analyzing the national financial resource. Meanwhile in the eighth chapter, this research has constructed the mechanism of economy compensation for peasant household who protects prime farmland from many aspects, such as compensation principle, compensation related main body,compensation way and standard, mechanism movement and supervision.On the above research, the ninth chapter draws the following main conclusion:1. In present, our government pays great attention to strengthen the prime farmland protection duty of the peasant household by the administrative order method, and they hope to achieve their aim of protecting prime farmland by so. But the effect of prime farmland protection is not ideal. Because the right and benefit of protecting prime farmland are lost, though the peasant household is the actual user of prime farmland, and they have been repelled outside the prime farmland protection, and they don't crave to the national prime farmland protection. If our government wants to improve the enthusiasm of the peasant household to participate in the prime farmland protection, they should give the peasant household some benefit, and urge the peasant household initiative participation to protect prime farmland by the means of economy compensation.2. Prime farmland is a natural resource. It has the function of economic output, the social security, the social stability, and the ecology service. And its value is the economic value, the social value and the ecological value. The externality that the peasant household provided to the social in prime farmland protection is mainly the social stability and the ecology service value. And the country and the society should pay economy compensation to those peasant household aiming at these two items. On the above analysis, this paper takes the 10 national grain production areas as an example, surveys the country and the society should aim at the exterior contribution compensation value which the peasant household provides is 3268.27 Yuan/Chinese acre* years.3. To guarantee the national food security, our government controls the utilization of prime farmland by the strict use control. The cost that prime farmland is transferred other utilization is tremendous, and the benefit of the developing right of the prime farmland is limited. The limited developing right of prime farmland contains two levels:First, the loss of benefit is from being limited to plant other crops that have more high profit. Secondly, the loss of benefit is from being limited to be transferred construction. So, this paper takes the 10 national grain production areas as an example, surveys the country and the society should aim at the loss of developing right of prime farmland to pay compensation value which the peasant household understand is 1704.52 Yuan/Chinese acre* years.4. According to the 1198 questionnaire, we find the repayment standard wish of the peasant household is distribute in from 100 to 1000 Yuan/Chinese acre* years. And through the utilization convention arithmetic mean, this paper determined that the wish standard that peasant household's wish is recompensed is 546.93 Yuan/Chinese acre* years. And the number is lower than the above theory standard upon the exterior and the right to development of theory. In the study area, the peasant household's wish to protect prime farmland is mainly influenced by the peasant's age, the cultural level and the average farming level that per person owns. After considering each conditiones, this paper determines the criteria of compensation is 500 Yuan/Chinese acre* years. The three factors are remarkable in 5% levels. And the two factors of the proportion of planting crops income and the inhabited location are remarkable in 10% levels. But the sex and the wish to prime farmland right are not remarkable.5. The Central authorities and the provincial government get the most of benefit from prime farmland protection, so they are the main body of compensation. The peasant household is actual user of prime farmland, and in the process of protecting prime farmland, they undertaker much loss and do much contribution, so they are the main repayment body. The compensation fund's collection mainly take the finance transfer payment primarily, other way like taxes and fees attaches, the release ecology lottery ticket and accepts the society to donate as auxiliary. The compensation fund's provide should provide yearly by the quantity that the peasant household own. Simultaneously all levels of people's government should strengthen dynamic inspection, and give punish and take back the corresponding compensatory payment to those peasant who does not fulfill the prime farmland protection duty.Based on the above conclusion, to guaranteed the prime farmland protection project and the peasant household benefit compensation mechanism's movement, this paper give some proposals:clear and definite the main body type of prime farmland protection, limit the respective right and the responsibility strictly; Improve the farmer's culture quality, increase the policy propaganda dynamics, strengthens their prime farmland protection idea; establish rural community safeguards system gradually, promote the safeguard function of the countryside land to transfer the capital function. Increase the agricultural subsidy dynamics, implement agriculture ecology compensation; Appraise the farming value science and reasonable, establish the scientific values of prime farmland protection; Establish the drive and restraint mechanism of prime farmland protection, transfer exterior to internalization. Establish the prime farmland right to development, practice the developing right system which may shift; Advanced prime farmland improvement safely, strengthen the prime farmland infrastructural facilities; Establish dynamic monitor appraisal system of prime farmland protection implementation effect.