A Study On The Development Of Coastal Economic Zone In Liaoning Province

Since China's Reform and Opening-up, there have formed two marked traits of the nation's economy development strategy. One is to give priority to the development of regional economy. Presently, the two most prosperous regions of China, which are also described as the twin-engines of high-speed development of the nation, are Chu Chiang Delta and Yangtze River Delta. The former is centered on the development of Shenzhen Special Economic Zone, while the latter depends on the development of Pudong New Area. Since then, the government has carried out other regional strategies such as the development of Hainan Special Economic Zone, West Development, Revitalizing North-east Old Industrial Bases, the Rise of the Central Region and so forth, so that our nation's regional economy strategy would be able to develop with emphasizes and coordination from an all-around point of view, in case exaggerate the development levels between regions, which would probably cause rich-poor divide. The other trait is to give priority to the development of open coastal economic area. During the initial period of Reform and Opening-up, there were only 4 special economic zones and 14 coastal cities of open economy. Nowadays, every coastal province and municipality is sparing no efforts to construct its own " Gold Coast", making a blooming and competitive situation come into being. Nowadays, China's coastal regions have taken a nuclear place in economic development, and ranked first at the same time. On July 1st,2009, executive meeting of the State Council passed Development Planning of Coastal Economic Zone in Liaoning Province, marking the development of Liaoning Coastal Economic Zone has been taken into the nation's strategy. Since then, Liaoning Coastal Economic Zone has been a new national-level economic zone, side by side with Shenzhen Special Economic Zone, Pudong New Area and Tianjin Binhai New Area.Developing the coastal economic zone of Liaoning province can not only boost comprehensive revitalization of Liaoning Province and Northeast region of China, but also lay a solid foundation for China to take part in economic competitiveness of Northeast Asia. Each country in Northeast Asia has an obvious industry echelon, strong complement, and similar culture, great cooperation potential and broad developing prospects. The implementation of development strategies of Liaoning coastal economic zone will form an opening frontier to radiate North China and Northeast Asia, and then become the economic uplift zone of Northeast Asia. In this sense, strengthening study on the development of Liaoning coastal economic zone is important to promote Liaoning Province to take part in division of work at home and abroad, improve overall competitiveness and ranking in Northeast Asia. This article chooses Liaoning coastal economic zone as topic, first means to analyze how to make up linkage effects to push the old industrial bases in Northeast China from regional economics perspective, change the sub healthy pattern of China's market economy and fully exert the market's basic role in allocating resources. Second, this article sets forth how can Liaoning coastal economic zone take their own advantages to adjust and change traditional land industry, cultivate emerging marine industry and develop hi-tech industry from industrial economics perspective. Also regulates the layout of land and marine industry under the program of China, so that to promote joint development between the two and then build up distinctive Liaoning coastal economic zone.For the specific discussion, it defines the basic concept of the coastal zone firstly in this dissertation. On this basis, it studied separately from industry economics and the theory of regional economics. And it provided a strong theoretical support for the discussion of the development of Liaoning coastal economic belt.Secondly, it discussed the development way of coastal economic belt, and it briefly analyzed from the development of coastal economic zone included the advantages of the economic resources, geopolitical, market advantages, regional development of dynamic mechanism, spatial structure and industrial development, which provides the best point analysis of the future development of Liaoning coastal economic belt.The development and construction of foreign coastal economic belt provides rich experience and beneficial reference for the development of Liaoning coastal economic zone. The article separately elaborates, also synthetically analyzes the similarities of both, the enlightenment which American dual shore economic belt and Australia's east coast economic belt bring to the development of Liaoning coastal economic zone. It points out that, as underdeveloped area, Liaoning province should actively take advantage of backwardness in the process of promoting the development of coastal economic zone. On the one hand, the successful experiences and frustrated lessons of foreign coastal economic belt should be fully learned and absorbed; On the other hand, incorporating own conditions, the province should formulate related policies that meet the development of coastal economic zone, and explore realistic paths suitable Liaoning coastal economic zone development. Through promoting the development of coastal economic zone, new economic growth point of the province will be created, which will drive long-term and rapid economic development of the province even the three northeastern provinces.When demonstrating the instant developing situation, the existing problems, the restricting factors and the developmental tendency along the costal economic zone of Liaoning province, this piece of exposition is both involved in the common issues of the growth of China costal economic circle, and the individual problems on self-growth of Liaoning province. In this part, the essay illustrates the whole developing situation and problems along the costal economic belt of China at present, then, combining with the reality, comprehensively analyzes and presents the current situation, the comparative advantages and the existing troubles. In the end, it proposes the stimulating advices and policies towards Liaoning costal zone from macro perspective, aiming to point out that when comparing with other costal economic zones in China, Liaoning is still an economic backward region, because of many obstacles, through the analysis of both advantages and disadvantages during the economic growing in this place.In another point of view, however, underdevelopment means this area is full of potentials and opportunities. Liaoning costal economic zone is much more capable in many aspects, such as, fine harbor, labor force and land resource etc. Especially with the progress of the economic integration speeding up, Liaoning costal economic belt would probably become the major manufacture and trading center, the future free land zone and the important host land in new-round industrial transferring of North East Asia.When the dissertation analyzes the Industry development of Liaoning Coastal Economic Zone, it follows the order of Land-based Industry, Marine Industry and the joint development of the former two aspects in Liaoning Coastal Economic Zone. The dissertation discusses the general situation of the development of Land-based industries in Liaoning Coastal Economic Zone, then introduces the development of Land-based industries in Bohai Economic Zone, next the dissertation mainly elaborates the economic development status of Liaoning Province, including the distribution characters of Land-based industries, the problems and the potential of development. After that, the dissertation takes equipment manufacture for example, using 10 indicators and extracting a small amount of representative main indicators(named as principal component) while maintaining the main premise of the samples, in order to explain the typical development of Land-based Industries in Liaoning Province. At the same time, the dissertation gets the reasonable weight in the process of analysis, then analyzes and compares the competitiveness of equipment manufacture of Liaoning Province using the extracted principal component as the composite indicators of decision analysis. From a general perspective, there are many problems in equipment manufacture of Liaoning Province which are mainly showed in institutional level and technical level. Therefore, in order to raise the development level of equipment manufacture of Liaoning Province, promote the domestic and international competitiveness, we must take actions in two aspects. On one hand, we should deepen the reform of enterprises, play the role of market-oriented and develop the market as the main part. On the other hand, we should accelerate technological innovation, raise the technological level of the whole industry, promote the added value of the products, develop cluster economic, carry forward the economics of scale.In terms of elaborating the layout of maritime industry in LiaoNing coastal economic zone, this dissertation analyzes and compares the competitive industries in LiaoNing coastal economic zone by using the method of location entropy, by which I demonstrate the strengths, weaknesses and constraints of developing the marine industry in LiaoNing coastal economic zone. Finally I put forward a suggestion to optimize the layout of marine industry. Apart from that, taking coastal tourism development in LiaoNing as an example, I point out these industries that have been dominant or dominant status should be taken priority.And on the basis of regional advantages,marine resources and environment and the development of industrial land, these basic industries with bottlenecks in the national economy and the strategic industry with a guiding role should be supported and given priority.Referring to the collaborative development of the land and sea industries in Liaoning coastal economic zone, the dissertation applies the gray relational grade model to measure and analyse the correlation among the first, second and third industry of the ocean economy and that of the land economy, which concludes that the first industry of ocean economy relates the second industry of land economy most, the second industry of ocean economy relates the third industry of land industry most and the third industry of ocean economy relates the third industry of land industry most. Moreover the dissertation investigates respectively the industrial chains of marine fisheries, salt, oil and gas industry, shipbuilding industry, transportation, tourism and related land industry, according to which the dissertation finds out the proper industrial distribution and development path for the collaborative development of the land and sea industries in Liaoning coastal economic zone. Also the dissertation puts special emphasis on analyzing a few important questions concerning industry distribution in the coastal economic zone bringing forward that it should be an important strategic orientation for northeast extending development space in the future.Besides, the dissertation points out that the scientific concept of development should taken as be the core value concept, that the market play the fundamental role in resource allocation, and that the conformity of the government indispensable. Only by this way will the industrial distribution in Liaoning coastal economic zone realize the coordinated and joint development with population, resource and the environment.