Based On The Dpsir Conceptual Models Mountainous Tourist Area Of ​​ecological Health Diagnosis And Control Research

Tourism, which has once been held as a "smokeless industry", is considered to result in no environmental problems. However, with the rapid development of mass tourism, the contradiction between tourism development and environmental protection has become increasingly prominent. Researches of tourism environmental problems have attracted attention from domestic and international scholars.Currently, relations between tourism development and tourism environment interaction mechanism, as well as an integrated and comprehensive evaluation of environmental impacts of tourism still remain an area for further study. As a new idea, new method to deal with issues as global environmental degradation when eco-system encounters unprecedented stresses and challenges, the concept of ecological health,which has been applied in such areas as environmental management, ecosystem management and sustainable development, is regarded as a rather good solution. At present, the ecological health theory has become a research hotspot and a trend, extensive and in-depth researches have been conducted in many different types of ecosystems,while there has been no such researches found in the field of tourism,so relevant studies are expected.In this paper, the theory of the ecological health is introduced into tourist areas ecosystem, the basic theory of ecological health of tourist areas is constructed and ecological health diagnosis of tourist areas is designed. This is considered as a useful exploration for sustainable development. Firstly, the concept of tourist areas ecosystem is defined, ecosystem characteristics, operating rules and control mechanism of tourist areas are described, the basic theory of ecological health of tourist areas is put forward and DPSIR conceptual model based on ecosystem health assessment index system and fuzzy evaluation method of ecological health tourism is built. Secondly, taking Mt. Jinggangshan tourist area as an example, ecological health diagnosis and control is analysed in detail.The main contents, conclusions and innovations of this paper are summarized as follows:(1)The basic theory of ecological health of tourist areas is put forwardFirst, the concept of tourism area complex ecosystem is defined, structure, functional characteristics, operation mechanism and control mechanism of tourism area ecosystem are analysed.Second, the connotation of ecological health of tourism area is explained.Ecosystem health of tourism areas is a unity of ecological value and the integration of the concept of human values. The concept of ecological health of tourism areas can be defined as coordination, sustainability and steady development of tourism activities to maintain natural ecosystems and human social and economic system in the case of the main confounding factors.Third, new management model of ecological health of tourism areas is presented. To pursue goals of ecosystem sustainability, laws and affeacting mechanism of ecological health of tourism areas are explored, comprehensive monitoring, analysis, assessment, early warning and impact of tourism on the ecological health of the overall risk factors for intervention are stuied.(2)Ecosystem health assessment index system based on DPSIR conceptual model is constructedDPSIR conceptual model,which is simple and has clear-cut structure,reflects mutual relations and actions between human activities and natural ecosystem,provides a rather good anlysis structure for creating ecosystem health assessment index system of tourism areas.Based on analysis of DPSIR conceptual model and combined with selective methods and rules of index system,from-top-to-bottom and layer-by-layer analysis method is applied,which ecosystem health assessment index system is further divided into three layers and each layer has its corresponding assessment index.Goal layer of ecosystem health assessment index,which constitutes the first layer,is applied to measure comprehensive level of ecological health of tourism areas. Criterion layer,which forms the second layer,includes driving force(D), pressure(P), state(S), influence(I) and response (R).Sub-criterion layer,which composes the third layer, consists of as many as forty factors.The significance of index system based on DPSIR model consists in interpreting information coupling relations which affect ecological health factors,showing ecological health evolution of tourism areas bears dynamics traits,roundly reflecting health state of tourism area ecosystem.(3) Ecosystem health assessment method of tourism areas based on fuzzy mathematics is brought forwardMechanism and factors affecting ecological health of tourism areas are very complicated, which results in many fuzzy alternatives and factors.The reciprocity between these alternatives and factors and the degree that their influences exert on the system functions are difficult to measure, which evidently takes on fuzzy traits. Fuzzy assessment method, which provides a solution to problems involving fuzziness of factors which affect ecological health of tousim areas and uncertainty of ever-changing factors, can reasonably assess the external status-quo of ecological health of tourism areas.So a ecological health assessment model of tourism areas is created on the basis of multi-layer fuzzy assessment method, and assessment method of ecological health index of tourism areas is put forward.(4)A case study concerning ecological haelth of Jinggangshan tourism area is conductedOn the basis of ecological health management theories of tourism areas, a case study concerning Jinggangshan tourism area is conducted, and the following conclusions are reached.Firstly, as a whole, ecosystem of Jinggangshan tourism area is in a "healthy"state, but there are still quite lots of "unhealthy" and "unharmonious" factors, which require optimization and improvement.Secondly, pressure (P) health index of Jinggangshan tourism area is in a state of sub-health. The key facors which negatively influence pressure health index are Urban Residents Engel System, Rural Residents Engel System, Gini Coefficient of Tourism Seasonality and Centralization Index of Tourists'Spacial Distribution.Thirdly, through diagnosis and analysis of ecosystem health of Jinggangshan tourism area, ecosystem health management framework and corresponding adjustment and control measures based on DPSIR model is proposed.(5)InnovationsThe innovations of the paper lie in two aspects.Firstly, for the first time, ecosystem health theory is introduced into tourism area ecosystem and the conception and diagnosis method of ecosystem health of tourism areas is brought forward.Secondly, with the application of DPSIR conceptual model, ecosystem health assessment framewaork of tourism areas is constructed, ecosystem health assessment index and its assessment method are brought forward.The study on ecosystem health of tourism areas in this paper is only exploratory,further studies in this field are required.In the aspect of case study,comparative study among tourism areas of different types, different development stage and different exploitation degree is needed,which reinforce and consummate ecosystem health theory of tourism areas.