Intellectual Property Protection,Technological Innovation And Optimization Of Foreign Trade Structure

Technological innovation is the key to optimize China's trade structure especially the Chinese export structure. Technology transfer and diffusion is the source of China's trade structure optimization especially the Chinese import structure.While intellectual property protection is the most important institutional arrangement to encourage domestic technological innovation and to promote international technology diffusion. At present, few literatures analyze the relationship between intellectual property protection, technological innovation and trade structure. Therefore, there has important theoretical value and practical significance to research on intellectual property protection, technical innovation and the optimization of foreign trade structure, combining with the actual situation in China.Based on the intellectual property protection perspective, this paper makes theoretical analysis, practical description, measurement and empirical study of the influence of intellectual property rights protection, technological innovation on optimizing trade structure.In theoretical analysis, different from previous studies, this paper considers the intellectual property protection double effect of law and economy and analyzes the influence of intellectual property protection, technological innovation on the trade structure on the basis of the innovation model of intellectual property protection and North-South trade model. Therefore, based on the Lai (2011) model, it integrates the double effect of intellectual property, introduces the factors of enterprise heterogeneity, trade barriers and government factors, expands the two countries'economy to the global economy and analyzes the optimal intellectual property protection policy and its effect on technology innovation and trade structure effects. Theoretical analysis shows that the strength of intellectual property rights protection will change the imitation intensity, innovation investment intensity, transnational transfer of production, the wage gap, the product quantity and the northern countries seeking patent protection effect. In the global economy, enterprise heterogeneity, trade barriers and government policy changes will be on the intellectual property protection, technological innovation and foreign trade, thereby affecting a country's optimal protection of intellectual property policy choices. On the whole, a country to strengthen intellectual property protection will change the factor intensity and comparative advantage, and then change a country's trade structure through the above factors including innovation.In the realistic description and measurement, this paper widely collects a large amount of data. Using the path analysis method and the descriptive statistics from multiple dimensions, it explores the general development rule of China's protection of intellectual property rights (legislation and law enforcement), technology innovation (input and output) and trade structure (collection system). And it selects the key indicators, and constructs the index system to measure the intensity of intellectual property protection, the ability of technological innovation and trade structure in China.Different from previous research, this paper extends the factors affecting intellectual property law enforcement, and constructs the index system of the strength of protection of intellectual property rights and calculates the strength of protection of intellectual property rights in china from the national, regional level. Calculation results show that, at this stage, China intellectual property legislation strength has reached the level of developed countries, but the enforcement of intellectual property rights of lower intensity and the intensity of intellectual property protection in China is still weak, and presents an apparent area difference. This paper takes trade structure as a collection system, and selects foreign trade commodity structure as the core, and measures the technological sophistication of Chinese export commodities from the product, industry and national aspect and that of Chinese imports commodity from the product and national aspect based on the complexity of technology perspective. No matter which aspect of the measurement results, China technological sophistication of export and import have improved, but China technological sophistication advantage of export is still in the labor advantage and don't deviate from the economic development period of china. While China technological sophistication advantage of imports catches up with and surpasses developed countries, and is higher than in other developing countries.In empirical research, different from previous research, this paper takes the protection of intellectual property rights, technology innovation as a core variable, introduces the cross terms of protection of intellectual property rights and technological innovation, and consider the influencing factors including FDI, human capital, economic development level, infrastructure and so on, and makes empirical analysis to the influence of intellectual property protection, technological innovation on the structure of commodities in China, using regression analysis, instrumental variables, two-stage least squares estimation and from the factor intensity, technical content, technological sophistication aspects. The empirical results show that:(1) there is simulative effect of intellectual property protection on the technology content and technological sophistication of China export commodities, and increases with technology intensive, technology content and technological sophistication. But the positive effect of strength of protection of intellectual property rights on China export technological sophistication is not significant. While the strength of protection of intellectual property rights significantly hindered China's import commodity structure optimization as well as the capital and technology intensive products and the export of labor intensive products. (2)Technological innovation promotes the Chinese import commodity structure optimization and capital and technology intensive products export, is conducive to China's export commodities technology content and technological sophistication, and increases with technology intensive, technology content and technological sophistication. (3) Technological innovation and intellectual property protection intensity has a synergistic effect, but there are negative and significant effect of the synergistic intellectual property protection strength and the ability of technological innovation on China's export commodity structure.(4)There are the "both ends positive, intermediate negative" features of the effect of FDI and imitation ability on technology intensive, technology content and technological sophistication merchandise exports. That is to say that FDI and imitation ability both prefer to the low technology content and low technological sophistication labor-intensive products and high technology content and low technological sophistication products, but there is negative effect on medium technology product. (5) Human capital is conducive to China's import of intermediate products, capital and technology intensive product export and export technological sophistication enhancement. Infrastructure is also conducive to China's export technological sophistication.