Economic Analysis On The Pig Scale-Breeding In China

With the transformation of China's pig industry from traditional scattered-raising to modern scale-breeding, it is becoming more and more important to improve production level and efficiency of pig scale-breeding, promote its rational distribution, effectively alleviate its pressure on resources and environment, and achieve sustained and stable development of the pig industry. Basing on the related theories on economy of scale, regional advantages, cost-benefit and productivity, this dissertation uses official statistics data from2000to2010, and methods of comparative analysis, index analysis, and econometric analysis to study present situation, regional distribution and regional advantage, cost-benefit, and productivity of pig scale-breeding in China.The results of this study show that:(1) Rapid development of pig scale-breeding in China is attributed to population growth and economic and social development, technological progress, grain production, market competition, and policy support.(2) There is a trend that pig scale-breeding shifts from eastern region to mid-western and northeastern regions. However, the dominant areas of pig production is mainly concentrated in the southeast coastal areas, the middle and lower reaches of the Yangtze River and the Southwest areas, where are abound in rice, while the wheat and corn planting areas in the North China, and maize planting areas in Northeast are not dominant pig producing areas. Therefore, more policies should be taken to accelerate pig scale-breeding shift to the North and Northeast of China.(3) With the expansion of pig farm scale, the cost of pig raising shows "U" type, while its benefit presents "inverted U" type. It indicates that small-and medium-scale breeding have cost-effective, but large-scale breeding does not show the economies of scale,. During a longer period in the future, China's pig industry should insist on "moderate scale" development principles, and should not excessively increase size of pig operation. Meanwhile, it is critical to raise level of the technical management of pig scale-breeding.(4) Total factor productivity (TFP) of different scales of pig breeding shows shown positive growth (TFPch0.7%-1.8%), but there are significant differences in average annual growth rate and sources of growth. The scattered-raising is mainly due to advances in technology, small-and middle-scale breeding mainly due to improvement of technical efficiency, and large-scale breedng is mainly due to the combination of technological progress and technical efficiency improvement. Therefore, it is important to continue to strengthen technological research and application of large-scale pig breeding, and we also should enhance technological application of scattered-raising and research of small-and medium-scale pig breeding in the future. Based on the above analysis, and learned from the development process of pig scale-breeding in the United States, policy suggestions to promote pig scale-breeding in China have been put forward as follows:(1) make full use of advantages of different raising patterns, and build a reasonable pig breeding scale structure;(2) increase scientific and technological innovation and application, and constantly incease the production level of pig industry;(3) innovate forms of production organization, and speed up process of pig industrialization;(4) orderly drive regional shifts, and promote rational distribution of pig scale-breeding;(5) enhance waste management of pig operations, and promote sustainable development of pig scale-breeding.