| Reasonable spatial distribution of agriculture is an important part in the strategic restr ucturing of China's agriculture. Since the reform and opening up, China has adjusted the agricultural structure for four times, among which in1998, the central government put up clearly that the regional structural optimization as an important part of Strategic adjustment of agricultural structure and through the professional development of the agricultural region and optimizing agricultural resource allocation to achieve strategic goals that the shift of China from a major agricultural country to a powerful one, After more than10years of practice, what is the change of spatial structure of agriculture in China? What are the key policy choices and focuses of the agricultural regional restructuring?Those questions caused my interest and inspired me research on the rules of evolution of the spatial structure of agriculture in China. Focusing on the research questions of "the basic rules of spatial structural evolution of agriculture in China", there are three sub questions:(1) What is the trend of spatial structural evolution of agriculture in China?(2) What are the main factors of spatial structural evolution of agriculture in China?(3) How do these factors affect the spatial structural evolution of agriculture in China?Part1Goals and Way of the ResearchThere are three objectives in this study. The first, grasp the rules and trends of evolution of China's agricultural spatial structure. The seconds, reveal the decisive factors of influence on the evolution of China's agricultural spatial structure. The third, clarify the evolution rules of spatial structure of Chinese Agriculture.The way of research of this paper is:First, using the connotation of the concepts of" weight", the"geographical center of gravity" and the "difference factor", and on the basis of defined spatial structure of the agriculture and other related concepts, the paper proposes to use the concepts of the "regional weight","regional center of gravity "and "regional coefficient of uniformity" as a framework of theoretical analysis of the three theoretical parameters to describe the structure of agricultural space. Then, based on the theoretic analysis framework of agricultural spatial structure, it builds the index system of evaluation of agricultural spatial structure and the criteria of identifying the degree of change of the structural parameters of agricultural spatial structure. Based on them, it makes empirical analysis of the evolution trends of different level of China's different regions,different industrial sectors and some of the major agricultural products. Finally, it uses spatial models of the spatial structure of China's agricultural evolution to make the empirical investigation, and makes a theoretical analysis based on the empirical result and makes some suggestions on the principle policy of optimizing adjustment of China's agricultural structure.Part2the Content and Basic Conclusions(A) The statistical analysis of the spatial structure of China's agricultural present situation and characteristics with the use of the regional center of gravity of the agriculture and regional uniform coefficient and other tools, and the statistical quantitati ve analysis based on the2009agricultural economic statistics on agriculture in the four departments and the spatial structure of the major agricultural state, we obtains the following basic conclusions:(1) Through the coefficient clustering analysis of the county-level regional agricultur e and the four departments GDP per capita, we know that the agricultural areas in China can be divided into seven major areas of northeast, north, east, central, south, southwest, northwest, in which the farming,forestry,animal husbandry has an advantage in the seven regional distribution of counties, and the fishery is mainly distributed in northeast ern, northern, eastern,central and southern of China as five main regions.(2) From the extent of the regional center of gravity relative to the center of gravity of the agricultural areas regional levels within the agricultural sector of the whole country, four regions, seven regions, all the provinces, there is deviation from the various regional levels. There is a deviation from the overall forestry and the focus o f the fisheries area the level of deviation is relatively large.(3) Based on the regional analysis of uniformity coefficients, besides the weakness of the regional differences in Northeast Livestock,the inter-regional difference of agriculture and its four departments within the hierarchy of different regions of the whole country, four regions, seven regions, all the provinces is in the middle strength, of which the regional differences is in the highest degree in the national forestry and fisheries. The overall conclusionis that the development of China's agricultural regionalization is multi-centeredand the regional differences in the four departments of agriculture are quite different. In other words, it is clear that the regional structure is quite different. (B) The empirical analysis of the evolution of the spatial structure of China's agricultural trends.Using the "area weight", the "regional center of gravity" and "regional uniform coefficient" as index, the paper firstly builds the spatial structure of the evaluation para meters and criteria. Then, it analyzes and evaluates empirically towards the five periods of national agriculture,agricultural sectors, the representatively spatial structure of agricultural products and the evolution process and trends of the spatial structures of the seven regional agriculture in1978-1984,1984-1992,1992-1998,1999-2003,2003-2009. It draws the following basic conclusions.(1) Trend of China's agricultural spatial structure is that"the space weight continues to increase, the regional center of gravity twists and moves to multiple directors, the overall movement is to the northwest and there are the differences of provincial changes but they are not very obvious.(2) Differences of historical stage of national agricultural spatial structure evolutionâ‘ From the analysis of changes in the area weight, except the only decreasing change of area weight in national food regions in1998-2002,the national food regional changes of area weight of the various stages of the country, the industry level, regional level are increasing. There are differences of the increasing weight, among which the ranks of changes are the periods of1992-1998,1978-1984,2002-2009,1984-1992.â‘¡The regional center of gravity of national agriculture moves in multi-directions and the overall move is to the northwest. Weight shift of seven regional agricultural regions have not a steady direction in addition to the central and northwest regions. There is a big difference of distance of moving among different agricultural areas. The rank of the moving distance is2002-2009,1984-1992,1992-1998(the latter two periods move in the opposite directions).â‘¢From the analysis of changes in agriculture uniformity coefficient,the uniformity coefficient of the whole country and seven regional agriculture is between0.1and1, which is a moderate-intensity regional difference.The country's regional uniform coefficient did not change significantly, among which the ranks of move are the period1992-1998(increase),2002-2009(decrease),1978-1984(increase).Based on the comparative analysis of different historical periods, the spatial structure of China's agriculture has changed in each period. The greatest change is in the3period of years:1978-1984,1992-1998,2002-2009. But it also corresponds with the huge differences of China's agricultural reform, economic reform and agricultural fiscal policy. I think that the agriculture spatial structural changes affect the agricultural structural adjustment and the economic system, the system of agricultural operations and agricultural fiscal policy have a great impact on spatial structure.(3) Differences of the regional level of agricultural spatial structure evolution.Major regions of the agricultural process of spatial structure, spatial weight are continuing to gain weight, but the growth rate varies; sub-regional changes in the differentiation are not the same. Comparing the spatial structure of national and seven regional agricultural trends, the difference is obvious. Therefore, the evolution of China's agricultural spatial structure is multi-centered.(4) Differences of industry-level of agricultural spatial structure evolutionThrough the comparative analysis of evolution trend of structural changes in national agricultural four departments of agriculture and the evolution trend of spatial structure of some agricultural products,the evolutionary trend of China's agricultural spatial structure is mainly affected by the spatial structure evolution of farming and animal husbandry.(C) The empirical investigation of the factors of influence of spatial structure of China's agricultural evolution.(1)The analysis of key factors in China's agricultural development on the basis of qualitative analysis of possible influencing factors on the agricultural developm ent, the paper builds a spatial panel econometric model,adopts the maximum likelihood (ML) and Matlab2009software in two stages (1978-1992,1992-2008) and full period (1978-2008) to analyze the spatial econometric. The results show that.a. Results of different time division are similar. Each factor plays the same direction of role in China's agricultural development, but the affect of role are different.b.Five factors of the number of employees of the forestry, animal husbandry and fishery, arable land, the proportion of non-agricultural output value,the per capita GDP, and road density have significantly negative effect on the development of China's agricultural economy;while the4factors of the total population, the total power of agricultural machinery, funding for financial support for agriculture, agricultural labor p er total agricultural output value have obviously positive effect of China's agricultural development.c.The development of national agricultural and sub-regional agricultural development are affected by4key factors including the total population, the total power of agricultural machinery, funding for financial support for agriculture, and agricultural laborers per capita agricultural output value.(2) Through the comparative analysis of the4key factors of regional center of gravity, regional differences and regional focus of the national agricultural output, the result is consistent. It shows that the4factors are key factors, which affect the reginal center of gravity and regional differences of national agricultural spatial structure.(D) The theoretical analysis of the evolution mechanism of the spatial structure of China's agriculture.According to the previous theoretical analysis and empirical research, the paper analyze theoretically on the related factors on the path and mechanism of agricultural spatial structure evolution.(1)I think the evolution of spatial structure in China is the result of many factors workingtogetherand is the performance effects of sub-regional agricultural development space.It will eventually lead to changes in the structure of regional agricultural space due to the various sub-regional differences in agriculture development.(2) A number of influencing factors occurs through two paths:First is the impact of the agricultural operator's decision-making behavior. The second is the effect the level of agricultural productivity.(3) The paper describes in details on the different roles of the path of influencing factors of influcing the mechanism of agricultural spatial structure.Part3the Overall Conclusions and Policy RecommendationsBased on the theoretical analysis and empirical investigation, the overall conclusions of this study are:(1) China's agricultural spatial structure is multi-centered. The center area can be divided into seven regions of the East, Northeast, North China, Central China, Northwest, South, Southwest;(2) The development of China's agricultural regionalization is not the total level but the agricultural sector and even the level of agricultural products. There are different trends of evaluation on the different levels of industries. The degree of differences of fanning, forestry, and animal husbandry expands. But the degree of differences of fisheries shrinks. Food, on behalf of the product for farming, and animal husbandry gather with the same regional differentiation trend in space. Forestry and fisheries show independent evolutionary trend. The degree of change of the spatial structure of agricultural production is the most obvious;(3)The main factors affecting the spatial changes in the structure of China's agricultural system and institutional factors are technological factors, policy factors, demographic factors, and agricultural productivity levels. China's agricultural development is interactively affected between the adjacent regions.(4) The main influencing factors affect the agricultural production business on decision-making behavior and the level of agricultural productivity at two levels. They play the role of agricultural development in the sub-regional, inter-regional interaction. It eventually leads to changes in the structure of national agricultural space.Based on the full-text research and analysis, related literature, it proposes recommendations of the optimal adjustment policy to promote the agricultural spatial structure under the conditions of market economy.(1) Structural adjustment of agricultural space optimization should adhere to the following five principles:local conditions principles; market-oriented principles;the principle of regional differences; the principle of security strategy; focus on the key principles.(2) I think the focus of agricultural areas on structure adjustment of policy are a. to make regional distribution planning of the development of agricultural industry development of competitive agricultural products and provide the basis for policy formulation of regional differentiation;b. emphasis on the role of agricultural science and technology and to improve agricultural productivity; c. to guide agricultural operators and producers' decision-making behavior to realize the development of the regional differentiation of agricultural industry; d. to create a favorable external environment of the agricultural development of the information, market, transport, and non-agricultural industries to ensure that agricultural production and market demand effectively dock and to resolve the contradictions and problems of the surplus of agricultural labor, regional industrial hollowing in the process of agricultural regional development.(3) Put forward some concrete proposals to improve two aspects of the agricultural development of the external environment from the support of agricultural industry development.
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